Tuberc Respir Dis.  2014 Aug;77(2):55-59. 10.4046/trd.2014.77.2.55.

Lung Cancer Screening: Subsequent Evidences of National Lung Screening Trial

• Park YS

• KMID: 2320539
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4046/trd.2014.77.2.55

Abstract

The US National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) demonstrated a 20% reduction in lung cancer mortality and a 6.7% decrease in all-cause mortality. The NLST is the only trial showing positive results in a high-risk population, such as in patients with old age and heavy ever smokers. Lung cancer screening using a low-dose chest computed tomography might be beneficial for the high-risk group. However, there may also be potential adverse outcomes in terms of over diagnosis, bias and cost-effectiveness. Until now, lung cancer screening remains controversial. In this review, we wish to discuss the evolution of lung cancer screening and summarize existing evidences and recommendations.

Keyword

Lung Neoplasms; Early Detection of Cancer; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Thorax

MeSH Terms

Bias (Epidemiology)
Diagnosis
Early Detection of Cancer
Humans
Lung Neoplasms*
Lung*
Mass Screening*
Mortality
Thorax
Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Figure

• 

  Figure 1 History of lung cancer screening. CT: computed tomography; CXR: chest X-ray; DANTE: Detection and Screening of Early Lung Cancer; LDCT: low-dose chest CT; LSS: Lung Screening Study; NLST: National Lung Screening Trial; RCT: randomized controlled trials; UKLS: UK Lung Screen.

• 

  Figure 2 Stage distribution of National Lung Screening Trial. CXR: chest X-ray; LDCT: low dose chest computed tomography.

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