Nucl Med Mol Imaging.  2015 Jun;49(2):160-164. 10.1007/s13139-014-0314-0.

Changes in Skeletal Tumor Activity on 18F-choline PET/CT in Patients Receiving 223Radium Radionuclide Therapy for Metastatic Prostate Cancer

• Miyazaki K
• Kuang Y
• Kwee SA

• KMID: 2313265
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/s13139-014-0314-0

Abstract

Radium-223 dichloride is an alpha-emitting radiopharmaceutical shown to prolong survival in patients with castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and symptomatic skeletal metastases. This report describes in two patients the acute changes in bone metastatic activity detected by F-18 choline PET/CT imaging midway during treatment with radium-223 dichloride. In addition to visual and standardized uptake value analysis, changes in the whole-body tumor burden were quantified by measuring the difference in net metabolically active tumor volume (MATV) and total lesion activity (TLA) between pre- and mid-treatment PET scans. After the third dose of radium-223 dichloride, near-total disappearance of abnormal skeletal activity was observed in one case (net MATV change from 260.7 to 0.8 cc; net TLA change from 510.7 to 2.1), while a heterogeneous tumor response was observed in the other (net MATV change from 272.2 to 241.3 cc; net TLA change from 987.1 to 779.4). Corresponding normalization and persistent elevation in serum alkaline phosphatase levels were observed in these cases, respectively. Further research is needed to determine the predictive value of serial F-18 choline PET/CT imaging in patients receiving radium-223 dichloride for CRPC.

Keyword

Fluorocholine; PET/CT; Castrate-resistant prostate cancer; Radium-223 dichloride

MeSH Terms

Alkaline Phosphatase
Choline
Humans
Neoplasm Metastasis
Positron-Emission Tomography
Positron-Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography*
Prostatic Neoplasms*
Tumor Burden
Alkaline Phosphatase
Choline