J Dent Anesth Pain Med.  2016 Mar;16(1):17-24. 10.17245/jdapm.2016.16.1.17.

Antimicrobial effect of topical local anesthetic spray on oral microflora

• Srisatjaluk RL
• Klongnoi B
• Wongsirichat N

• KMID: 2308761
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.17245/jdapm.2016.16.1.17

Abstract

BACKGROUND
To evaluate the antimicrobial activity of lidocaine (LD) topical anesthetic spray against oral microflora.
METHODS
Antimicrobial effects of 10% LD spray were assessed against six bacterial cultures obtained from volunteers: Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Streptococcus sanguinis. The filter papers contained 50-µl LD, brain heart infusion (BHI) broth, or 0.2% chlorhexidine. Papers were placed on the cultured blood plates for 1-3 min. After the papers were removed, plates were incubated for 24 h. Bacterial growth on the contact areas was recorded as the antimicrobial score. The split mouth technique was use in for sample collection in clinical study. Filter papers soaked with either BHI broth or LD were placed on the right or left buccal mucosa for 1 min, and replaced with other papers to imprint biofilms onto the contact areas. Papers were placed on blood plates, incubated for 24 h, and antimicrobial scores were determined. Experiments were conducted for 2- and 3-min exposure times with a 1-day washout period.
RESULTS
LD exhibited bactericidal effects against E. coli, S. sanguinis, and S. salivarius within 1 min but displayed no effect against S. aureus, E. faecalis, and S. pyogenes. The antimicrobial effect of LD on oral microflora depended upon exposure time, similar to the results obtained from the clinical study (P < 0.05). LD showed 60-95% biofilm reduction on buccal mucosa.
CONCLUSIONS
Antimicrobial activity of 10% LD topical anesthetic spray was increased by exposure time. The 3 min application reduced oral microflora in the buccal mucosa.

Keyword

Antimicrobial effect; Lidocaine; Local anesthetic; Oral microflora

MeSH Terms

Biofilms
Brain
Chlorhexidine
Clinical Study
Enterococcus faecalis
Escherichia coli
Heart
Lidocaine
Mouth
Mouth Mucosa
Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcus
Streptococcus pyogenes
Volunteers
Chlorhexidine
Lidocaine

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Antimicrobial effectiveness of 10% lidocaine against oral microflora collected from the buccal mucosa of 22 volunteers; exposure times of 1, 2, and 3 min. Antimicrobial score: 4 = >95% bacterial reduction, 3 = 60–95% bacterial reduction, 2 = 40–60% bacterial reduction, 1 = 5–40% bacterial reduction, 0 = <5% bacterial reduction.

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  Fig. 2 Representative results of antimicrobial effects of 10% lidocaine and 0.2% chlorhexidine against oral microflora collected from a volunteer; exposure time of 3 min.

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  Fig. 3 Antimicrobial effectiveness of 10% lidocaine against oral microflora from the buccal mucosa of 22 volunteers; exposure time of 1, 2, and 3 min. Antimicrobial score: 4 = >95% bacterial reduction, 3 = 60–95% bacterial reduction, 2 = 40–60% bacterial reduction, 1 = 5–40% bacterial reduction, 0 = <5% bacterial reduction.

• 

  Fig. 4 Representative results of antimicrobial effects of 10% lidocaine and 0.2% chlorhexidine against oral microflora from the buccal mucosa of 4 volunteers; exposure time of 3 min.

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