Korean J Epidemiol.  1997 Jun;19(1):42-57.

Dietary Factors Related to the Chronic Diseases Assessed by Semiquantitaive Food Frequency Questionnaire in Korean Adults Living in Rural Area

• Shim JE
• Ryu JY
• Paik HY
• Shin CS
• Lee HK
• Park YS

Abstract

This study was conducted to assess dietary intake of adults in rural ares and to determine the dietary factors associated with the development of chronic diseases. A cross sectional dietary survey using semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire was conducted together with a health survey including health questionnaire, physical examination and glucose tolerance test. Mean dairy energy intake of subjects was 1872.5kcal and mean percent of RDA for energy intake was 88.4%. Nutrients of average intake below 75% of RDA were vitamine A, vitamin B2, calcium. Older subjects tend to have lower nutrient intake. Intakes of most nutrients and proportion of energy from alcohol were signifi-cantly higher in men than in woman. Newly diagnosed diabetic patients and hypertensives had higher age, BMI, blood pressure, fasting serum glucose levels and serum lipid levels compared with subjects without the diseases, respectively. After adjusted for age and sex, newly-diagnosed hypertencives had more intakes of charbohydrate and niacin, and higher proportion of energy from fat. The odds ratio(OR) for hypertension in higher quartile of subjects compared with subjects in the lowest quartile of intake increased significantly for energy, fat,protein, carbohydrate, vitamin B1, vitamin B2 and niacin after adjusted for age and sex. Also, compared with subjects consumed nutrients in 75-125% of RDA, the OR for hypertension in subjects with intake levels above 125% of RDA were 0.75 for energy, 1.69 for calcium and 0.68 for niacin, and those in below 75% of RDA were 1.33 for energy 1.42 for calcium, 1.23 for vitamin B1, 1.41 for vitamin B2. These inverse associations suggest that the development of hypertension in rural area of Korea is partialey attributed to the intake of several nutrients, generally of undernu-trition. Therefore these results suggests that dietary factors related to chronic diseases in Korea are different from those in the Western society.

Keyword

Semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire; Chronic disease; Hypertension; Dietary intake

MeSH Terms

Adult*
Blood Glucose
Blood Pressure
Calcium
Chronic Disease*
Energy Intake
Fasting
Female
Glucose Tolerance Test
Health Surveys
Humans
Hypertension
Korea
Male
Niacin
Physical Examination
Riboflavin
Thiamine
Vitamins
Surveys and Questionnaires
Calcium
Niacin
Riboflavin
Thiamine
Vitamins