J Korean Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry.  2015 Jun;26(2):112-119. 10.5765/jkacap.2015.26.2.112.

Prenatal, Perinatal and Developmental Risk Factors of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

• Yeo JY
• Choi S
• Joo YH
• Kim HW

• KMID: 2291588
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5765/jkacap.2015.26.2.112

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to examine the prenatal, perinatal and developmental risk factors of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), compared to unaffected siblings (SIB), and typically developing children (TC).
METHODS
Subjects with ADHD, their SIB, and TC were recruited from the child psychiatry outpatient clinic of the Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital. The parents of the children completed questionnaires on perinatal and developmental risk factors.
RESULTS
Fifty-eight subjects with ADHD (41 boys, 7.7+/-1.3 years), 21 SIB (8 boys, 8.2+/-1.8 years), and 22 TC (8 boys, 8.5+/-2.1 years) were included. The ADHD group showed higher rates of maternal stress during pregnancy than the SIB group (p=.002), and the ADHD group showed higher rates of familial psychiatric history than the TC (odds ratio, 8.76 ; 95% confidence interval, 1.69 to 45.45).
CONCLUSION
These findings suggest that among perinatal and developmental factors, maternal stress during pregnancy contribute to the development of ADHD. Future prospective studies will be needed in order to determine the causal relationship between perinatal risk factors and development of ADHD.

Keyword

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder; Developmental Risk Factors; Perinatal Risk Factors; Siblings

MeSH Terms

Ambulatory Care Facilities
Child
Child Psychiatry
Chungcheongnam-do
Humans
Parents
Pregnancy
Risk Factors*
Siblings
Surveys and Questionnaires