Risk Factors of Morbidity and Mortality after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

Park, Chang Ryul; Lee, Eung Bae; Jun, Sang Hun; Chang, Bong Hyun; Lee, Jong Tae; Kim, Kyou Tae

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Although operative outcome is progressing due to the development of operative techniques and myocardial protection, some patients face an increased morbidity and mortality. Therefore, it has become increasingly important to predict the operative morbidity and mortality. MATERIAL AND METHOD: This retrospective study reports the results of risk factor analysis of morbidity and mortality of 137 consecutive patients who were underwent coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). Preoperative variables were age, sex, preoperative myocardial infarction, operative priority, left ventricular ejection fraction, obesity and triple vessel disease. Postoperative morbidities were arrhythmia, wound infection, cerebral infarction, prolonged postoperative hospitalization, pneumonia, acute renal failure, prolonged use of ventilator and operative death. RESULT: The mean age of total patients was 56.7 years, from 27 to 74. The overall mortality was 6.6% (9 of 137) with the mortality of 3.9% (5 of 128) for elective operation, and 44.4% (4 of 9) for emergent or urgent cases. The morbidity of patients over 65 years was stastistically higher than that of under 65 years. Sex distribution showed no difference in morbidity, however operative mortality rate was slightly higher in women (5/41, 12.19%) than in men (4/96, 4.17%). Morbidity of emergent or urgent operation was 100%, much higher than that of the elective operation. Mortality of the patients whose left ventricular ejection fraction was under 50% was higher than that of those over 50%.
CONCLUSION
We concluded that the risk factors of morbidity after CABG were old age above 65 years and emergent or urgent operation, and that risk factors of mortality were low left venticular ejection fraction under 50% and emergent or urgent operation.