Korean J Pediatr Infect Dis.  2014 Dec;21(3):181-190. 10.14776/kjpid.2014.21.3.181.

The Epidemiological Trend of Rotavirus Gastroenteritis in Children in a Single Center from 2004 to 2012: A Retrospective Study

• Lee HS
• Kim DY
• Kim JA
• Choi SH

• KMID: 2279088
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.14776/kjpid.2014.21.3.181

Abstract

PURPOSE
This study was performed to investigate the epidemiological trend of rotavirus acute gastroenteritis (RV-AGE) in children.
METHODS
A retrospective review was performed in patients (1 month to 18 years of age) with acute gastroenteritis at KEPCO Medical Center from September 2004 to August 2013. Comparative analyses were performed based on periods: pre-vaccine (2004-2006) and post-vaccine (2008-2012) in all patients; 2004-2006 (period A), 2007-2009 (period B) and 2010-2012 (period C) in patients under 5 years of age.
RESULTS
Proportion of RV-AGE decreased from 25.0% (337/1,346) in pre-vaccine period to 20.8% (459/2,210) in post-vaccine period (rate ratio (RR), 0.83 [95% CI, 0.73-0.93]; P=0.0029). The median age of patients with RV-AGE in post-vaccine period (2.6 years) was significantly (P<0.0001) higher than that in pre-vaccine period (1.6 years). In patients hospitalized with AGE, proportion of RV-AGE was significantly reduced in patients 6 to 23 months old (RR, 0.62 [95% CI, 0.51-0.75]; P<0.0001). Significant decline in proportion of RV-AGE was observed in patients under 5 years of age: period A, 26.9% (308/1,144); period B, 22.7% (295/1,299); period C, 20.6% (186/902) (P=0.0007). After the introduction of rotavirus vaccine, a significant decreasing trend of RV-AGE proportion was observed in patients 6 to 11 months old (P=0.0018) and 12 to 23 months old (P=0.0152).
CONCLUSION
Decrease in RV-AGE proportion and increase in age of patients with RV-AGE were observed after the introduction of rotavirus vaccine in this single center study. Continued and systematic surveillance is needed to assess the impact of rotavirus vaccine.

Keyword

Rotavirus Infections; Rotavirus Vaccines; Epidemiology; Child

MeSH Terms

Child*
Epidemiology
Gastroenteritis*
Humans
Retrospective Studies*
Rotavirus Infections
Rotavirus Vaccines
Rotavirus*
Rotavirus Vaccines

Figure

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  Fig. 1. Distribution of rotavirus positive rate.∗ In this study: From 2004–2005 to 2012–2013 (ex. 2004 Year=September 2004 to August 2005).† In national laboratory surveillance: From 2005 to 2013(ex. 2005 Year=January 2005 to December 2005) (Source from reference 15, 16 and 17).

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  Fig. 2. Monthly distribution of rotavirus positive rate in pre (2004–2006) and post (2008–2012) vaccine period.

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  Fig. 3. Rate ratio of age-specific rotavirus gastroenteritis in patients hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis: from 2008 to 2012 vs. pre-vaccine period (2004–2006). Vertical bars indicate the 95% confidence intervals.

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  Fig. 4. Comparison of age distribution of patients with rotavirus gastroenteritis (under 5 years of age). The box plot provides the median value with minimum, maximum, 25th and 75th percentiles.

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  Fig. 5. Rotavirus positive rate in patients with acute gastroenteritis (A) and in patients hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis (B) (under 5 years of age).∗ Indicate P<0.05 for decline in the positive rate or proportion of hospitalization as compared with the rate in the pre-vaccine period (2004–2006).† Indicate P<0.05 for decline in the rate as compared with the rate in the transition period (2007–2010).

Reference

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