Korean J Otorhinolaryngol-Head Neck Surg.  2011 Dec;54(12):828-834. 10.3342/kjorl-hns.2011.54.12.828.

Standardization for a Korean Version of Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
  • 2Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Gachon University of Medicine & Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea. han@gilhospital.com
  • 3Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
  • 4Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
  • 5Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
  • 6Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
  • 7Department of Otolaryngology, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Korea.
  • 8Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
  • 9Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
This study has been performed to determine the reliability and validity of the Korean version of Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly (HHIE), which has been adapted to the Korean population.
SUBJECTS AND METHOD
For the Korean version of HHIE (K-HHIE), the processes of independent forward translation, backward translation and reconciliation were standardized using subjects older than 65 years old were recruited from the 10 referral-hospitals. Reliability and validity were evaluated by Cronbach's alpha coefficient, confirmatory factor analysis and test-retest analysis. Hearing impairment was assessed using pure tone audiometry, and the result was used as the gold standard.
RESULTS
The recruited K-HHIEs were 169. The reliability of K-HHIE, checked by Cronbach's alpha coefficient, was as high as 0.95. Scale-item correlation coefficient was even higher than 0.97, which shows very high reliability of K-HHIE. Test-retest reliability and the correlation coefficients of social/situational, emotional and total scores of K-HHIE were as high as 0.73, 0.82 and 0.78, respectively. The validity of K-HHIE, checked by confirmatory factor analysis, also showed good construct validity. There was high correlation between hearing level and the scores of K-HHIE, which is another indicative result of its high validity.
CONCLUSION
We have developed and validated Korean version of HHIE, which has good reliability and validity. It seems to be suitable enough for clinical use and research studies in patients with hearing impairment.

Keyword

Standardization; Hearing; Handicap; Questionnaire; Korean

MeSH Terms

Aged
Audiometry
Hearing
Hearing Loss
Humans
Surveys and Questionnaires
Reproducibility of Results
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