Chonnam Med J.  2002 Dec;38(4):403-406.

Two Cases of Idiopathic Hypercalciuria in Children with Hematuria

• Kim JS
• Noh HY
• Han DK
• Park AR
• Woo YJ

Abstract

Idiopathic hypercalciuria is defined as an excessive urinary excretion of calcium in normocalcemia without any primary cause. It is usually accompanied by urinary symptoms, such as hematuria, but it may occur without any symptoms, too. We report two cases of idiopathic hypercalciuria in two boys aged 5 and 7 years who presented with gross hematuria. Both patients showed the random urine calcium-to-creatinine ratio of more than 0.21, and the 24 hr urinary calcium excretion of more than 4 mg/kg/day. However, no primary cause of hematuria or hypercalciuria could be detected. We identified the first case as of absorptive type, whereas the second was founded to be of renal leak type with an oral calcium loading test. They showed marked reduction in urinary calcium excretion and hematuria with the treatment consists of low calcium diet with or without hydrochlorothiazide. It is suggested that idiopathic hypercalciuria should be considered as a possible cause of gross or microscopic hematuria in childhood, in addition, the urinary calcium-to- creatinine ratio can serve as a simple and useful screening test for hypercalciuria.

Keyword

Idiopathic hypercalciuria; Hematuria; Ca/Cr ratio; Child

MeSH Terms

Calcium
Child*
Creatinine
Diet
Hematuria*
Humans
Hydrochlorothiazide
Hypercalciuria*
Mass Screening
Calcium
Creatinine
Hydrochlorothiazide