Korean J Orthod.  2010 Oct;40(5):325-333. 10.4041/kjod.2010.40.5.325.

Discomfort caused by the circumferential comfortable retainer (CCR) as a removable maxillary retainer

• Choi JH
• Moon CH

• KMID: 2273223
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4041/kjod.2010.40.5.325

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to illustrate the circumferential comfortable retainer (CCR) as a removable maxillary retainer with good potential patient compliance and to evaluate the discomfort of the retainers including distorted speech, gagging sensation and appliance discomfort.
METHODS
Sixty-six orthodontic patients (male, 23; female, 43; mean age, 23.42 +/- 10.19 years) who received orthodontic treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances were randomly assigned to two groups after debonding, a conventional wraparound retainer (CWR) group that fully covers the palate with an acrylic plate and a highly polished surface, and a circumferential comfortable retainer (CCR) group which has a horseshoe shaped base plate with three folds on the anterior region. A questionnaire that had a visual analog scale (VAS) which consists of a 100-mm horizontal line with 2 end-points labeled "no discomfort" on the left and "worst discomfort" on the right, with regard to distorted speech, gagging sensation and discomfort, was administered to patients after 4 weeks of retainer wear. The Mann-Whitney test was used to test the hypothesis that there was no difference between the two retainers.
RESULTS
Comparing distorted speech and discomfort, the CCR group significantly had lower values than the CWR group (p < 0.05). Comparing gagging sensation, the CCR group had lower values than the CWR group but there were no statistically significant differences between groups (p = 0.146).
CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, the results suggest that the circumferential comfortable retainer (CCR) might facilitate patient compliance and thereby improve the maintenance of the fixed orthodontic treatment outcome.

Keyword

Removable retainer; Distorted speech; Discomfort; Patient compliance

MeSH Terms

Female
Gagging
Humans
Orthodontic Appliances
Palate
Patient Compliance
Surveys and Questionnaires
Sensation
Treatment Outcome

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Removable maxillary retainers used in this study. A, The conventional wraparound retainer (CWR) that fully covers the palate with an acrylic plate and highly polished surface. B, The circumferential comfortable retainer (CCR) with a horseshoe shaped base plate that is as narrow as possible and minimizes discomfort.

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  Fig. 2 The formation of anatomic rugae with a rough surface on the anterior region of the base plate.

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  Fig. 3 The base plate is trimmed only on the mesiolingual surfaces of the first and second molars to permit closure of the band spaces by physiologic migration.

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  Fig. 4 U-loops at canine regions for correction of anterior tooth rotation and the reopened spaces and no soldered joint on the last molars.

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  Fig. 5 Questionnaire used in this study.

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  Fig. 6 Boxplots based on the median, quartiles, and extreme values for comparisons of discomforts between the conventional wraparound retainer (CWR) and the circumferential comfortable retainer (CCR). *, °: Outliers.

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