Korean J Orthod.  2010 Apr;40(2):95-105. 10.4041/kjod.2010.40.2.95.

Changes in the oral environment during four stages of orthodontic treatment

• Lara-Carrillo E
• Montiel-Bastida NM
• Sanchez-Perez L
• Alanis-Tavira J

• KMID: 2273217
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4041/kjod.2010.40.2.95

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To identify clinical, salivary, and bacterial changes during orthodontic treatment with follow-up to 24 months.
METHODS
In 30 patients, clinical (decayed, missing, and filled surfaces [DMFS], O'Leary's plaque index, and plaque pH), salivary (unstimulated and stimulated saliva, buffer capacity, pH, and occult blood), and bacterial (Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus) markers were evaluated. A questionnaire was employed to evaluate their hygienic-dietary habits. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, logistic regression and Spearman's correlation.
RESULTS
DMFS increased significantly, whereas the plaque index diminished, plaque pH was more acidic (p = 0.23), and unstimulated salivary flow showed significant differences during the treatment (p = 0.013). Stimulated saliva flow increased in females after the placement of appliances; buffer capacity was diminished in males during the therapy; salivary pH remained at basal values. Bacterial levels and occult blood increased to high-risk levels and were not statistically significant different between genders (p > 0.05). Two major relationships were confirmed: initial plaque with use of dental aids (r = 0.429; p = 0.018) and final DMFS with unstimulated salivary flow (r = -0.372; p = 0.043).
CONCLUSIONS
The increase in retentive surfaces increased the bacterial levels, plaque pH became acidified, and gingival damage was greater. Buffer capacity was altered but maintained a healthy salivary pH during the treatment.

Keyword

Dental plaque; Oral hygiene; Orthodontic; Saliva

MeSH Terms

Dental Plaque
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Logistic Models
Male
Occult Blood
Oral Hygiene
Surveys and Questionnaires
Saliva

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Diagram over four stages of study.

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