Korean J Community Nutr.  2014 Dec;19(6):513-526. 10.5720/kjcn.2014.19.6.513.

The Effects of Low-sodium Diet Education Program on Dietary Habits, Diet Quality and Obesity Index in Overweight and Obese Middle-aged Women

• Jeong SB
• Park S
• Ahn S
• Kim JN
• Kim HK

• KMID: 2268220
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2014.19.6.513

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of low sodium diet education program on dietary habits, diet quality, and measures of obesity in overweight or obese middle-aged women.
METHODS
Subjects were 81 individuals aged 45 years or over, who completed an 8-week nutrition education. The subjects were divided into a normal group (N = 30) and an overweight-obese group (N = 51) according to the BMI. The effects were evaluated by anthropometric measurement, biochemical analysis, questionnaire, and diet records before and after the program.
RESULTS
Overweight-obese group showed significant decreases in weight (p < 0.0001), BMI (p < 0.0001), percent of body fat (p = 0.0087), waist circumference (p < 0.0001), systolic (p = 0.0003) and diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.0261). Nutrients intakes were not different between the two groups and only sodium intake was decreased after education. Total score of general dietary habits, dietary behavior related to sodium intake, dietary diversity score (DDS), diet variety score (DVS), and diet quality index-international (DQI-I) were improved in both groups compared to the baseline. Overweight-obese group showed significant improvement in 'having fruits everyday', 'having fish everyday', 'trying to eat many kinds of food', 'eating less broth when eating soup, stew, and noodles', 'eating less kimchi and salt-fermented vegetable', and 'propensity to think that dishes should be pretty seasoned'. In addition, moderation of empty calories food (p = 0.0064) and macronutrient ratio (p = 0.0004) were improved in the overweigh-obese group, but in the normal group, the results did not reach statistical significance.
CONCLUSIONS
These results suggested that low sodium diet education program may contribute to obesity management by improving diet quality and dietary habits in middle-aged women.

Keyword

diet quality; obesity index; low sodium dietary education program; middle-aged women

MeSH Terms

Adipose Tissue
Blood Pressure
Diet Records
Diet*
Diet, Sodium-Restricted*
Eating
Education*
Female
Food Habits*
Fruit
Humans
Obesity*
Overweight*
Surveys and Questionnaires
Sodium
Waist Circumference
Sodium

Figure

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  Fig. 1 The protocol of the study.

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