Korean J Community Nutr.  2014 Jun;19(3):274-282. 10.5720/kjcn.2014.19.3.274.

Revision and Application of the Target Pattern in Food Guidance System: Administered to 2nd grade middle school students

• Lee HY
• Kim Y

• KMID: 2268067
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5720/kjcn.2014.19.3.274

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The objective of this study was to revise the target pattern in food guidance system for adolescents' balanced menu planning.
METHODS
The food groups in the target pattern were divided into detailed food items, and intake number were assigned to each food items based on the revised standard food composition table. The validity of revised target pattern was examined. Menu planning according to the revised target pattern was made available to 305 male and female middle school students and the nutritional assessment of the menu plan were carried out using SPSS WIN 12.0.
RESULTS
The energy contents, energy contribution ratios of carbohydrate, fat, and protein, and 4 minerals' and 6 vitamins' contents of the revised target pattern were adequate. The average energy contents of the menu planned according to revised target pattern were 400~500 kcal higher than that of the revised target pattern when the revised standard food composition was applied. The energy contribution ratios of fat were 28.9%, close to maximum of acceptable macronutrient distribution range (AMDR) (30%), and that of carbohydrate were 54.5%, lower than minimum of AMDR (55%). The nutrient adequacy ratios (NARs) of calcium and vitamin C were less than 1.0. According to index of nutritional quality (INQ) of food items, kimchi, milkdairy products, and soybean curd were energy efficient source for calcium, kimchi, fruit, vegetable and seaweed were energy efficient source for vitamin C, with INQ of food items were higher or close to 2.0. Kimchi was the best energy efficient source of calcium and vitamin C.
CONCLUSIONS
Revised target pattern based on the adolescent's foods intake was not good enough for balanced menu planning by adolescents, because what they ate and what they wanted to eat were very much different. Detailed guidance for food selection is necessary in each food items.

Keyword

revised target pattern; revised standard food composition table; adolescent's menu plan; nutritional assessment

MeSH Terms

Adolescent
Ascorbic Acid
Calcium
Female
Food Preferences
Fruit
Humans
Male
Menu Planning
Nutrition Assessment
Nutritive Value
Seaweed
Soybeans
Vegetables
Ascorbic Acid
Calcium

Figure

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  Fig. 1 The processing steps of revising the target pattern.

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