Adequacy of Individualized Heparinization during Hemodialysis

Hur, Young Sook; Jang, In Son; Lee, Myung Son; Lee, Eu Na; Lee, Heung Joo; Song, Gee Souk; Kwon, Jung Ah; Lee, Kap No; Shin, Jin Ho; Kwon, Young Joo; Pyo, Heui Jung

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Most chronic hemodialysis units select heparin doses on an empirical basis. Too little heparin causes clotting in the extracorporeal circuit and too much heparin may lead to excessive bleeding. We conducted a prospective, randomized, repeated cross over study to evaluate the effect of two different heparin regimens. The empirical standard dose regimen (empirical heparinization, EH) was used for all patients, and the individualized dose regimen (individualized heparinization, IH) determined by measuring the activated clotting time (ACT) was performed for more adequate heparinization during hemodialysis. METHODS: Twenty-four outpatients with systemic heparinization who had been on hemodialysis for more than 3 months were enrolled. In both METHODS, anticoagulation was achieved with a loading dose and a continuous infusion of heparin. Each regimens were prescribed alternately, and repeated after 2 weeks later. The study evaluated pre-post dialytic Hgb, Hct, Platelet and predialytic albumin, heparin loading dose and infusion rate, ACT, total blood compartment volume (TBCV), visible blood clots, bleeding, pre-post dialytic and next predialytic BUN, predialytic Cr, URR, Kt/Vurea. RESULTS: Twenty-two patients were analyzed in this study. Pre-post dialytic Hgb, Hct, Platelet and predialytic albumin, heparin loading dose were not significantly different between two methods. But heparin infusion rate were significantly increased in individualized heparinization than in empirical heparinization. Activated clotting times were prolonged and maintained adequately in individualized heparinization during hemodialysis. The loss of TBCV and visible blood clots were significantly decreased in individualized heparinization than in empirical heparinization. There was no bleeding complication in two methods. Pre-post and next predialytic BUN, predialytic Cr, URR, Kt/Vurea were not significantly different between two methods.0.CONCIUSION: We concluded that the individualized heparinization can maintain adequate anticoagulation than the empirical heparinization without any other problems and compromising the delivery dose of dialysis.