Prevalence and Factors of Chronic Kidney Disease

Oh, Seul Hyun; Kim, Ha Yeon; Oak, Chan Young; Kim, Min Jee; Kim, Chang Seong; Choi, Joon Seok; Lee, Hyung Chul; Park, Jeong Woo; Bae, Eun Hui; Ma, Seong Kwon; Kim, Nam Ho; Kim, Soo Wan

Abstract

PURPOSE
The prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing. Accordingly, hospitalization and mortalities associated with CKD also have increased. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of CKD, and explore the causative risk factors.
METHODS
One thousand one hundred and forty-seven patients who underwent the mass health screening test at Chonnam National University Hospital between July 2007 and December 2007 were studied. The prevalence of CKD and possible risk factors such as gender, previous history of diabetes mellitus and hypertension, smoker status (current and ex-smoker), BMI, increased LDL cholesterol, triglyceride levels, HDL cholesterol level and anemia were analyzed.
RESULTS
There were 631 male and 616 female subjects. Mean age was 48.6 years and mean glomerular filtration rate was 117.2+/-28.7 ml/min/1.73m2. The prevalence of CKD was 10.3%, and the prevalence of advanced CKD (CKD stage 3-5) was 0.5%. The prevalence of advanced CKD was higher in subjects with diabetes. The awareness of CKD was very low. Factors independently associated with CKD were sex favoring men (odd ratio [OR], 2.106; 95% CI, 1.436-3.090), smoker (OR, 0.575; 95% CI, 0.382-0.867), DM (OR, 2.395; 95% CI, 1.338-4.286), inadequate blood sugar (OR, 2.536; 95% CI, 1.267-5.077), HDL<40 mg/dL (OR, 0.418; 95% CI, 0.191-0.915) in a univariate analysis. With a multivariate analysis, female gender (OR, 2.123; 95% CI, 1.209-3.730) was the only independent risk factor for CKD.
CONCLUSION
Since the CKD is a public health burden, closer attention is needed to prevent the CKD in the high-risk group.