Korean J Dermatol.
2007 Nov;45(11):1121-1126.
Clinical Analysis of Ramsay Hunt Syndrome
- Affiliations
-
- 1Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- 2Department of Dermatology, Seoul National Univsersity Boramae Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
- 3Department of Dermatology, Seoul National Bundang Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
- 4Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University Yongsan Hospital, Seoul, Korea. beomjoon@unitel.co.kr
- 5Department of Emergency Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
- 6Department of Dermatology, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Abstract
-
BACKGROUND: Ramsay Hunt syndrome (herpes zoster oticus) is characterized by vesicles on the pinna, otalgia, facial nerve palsy and sensorineural hearing loss. It is not such a common dermatological disease like herpes zoster. However, reactivation of the latent varicella zoster virus causes facial palsy and therapeutic onset is one of the prognostic factors in Ramsay Hunt syndrome.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to elucidate the epidemiology, the clinical characteristics of Ramsay Hunt syndrome and prognosis according to therapeutic ways.
METHODS
The 84 cases diagnosed as Ramsay Hunt syndrome from January 2000 to July 2007 were assessed in regard to age, sex, clinical characteristics, electromyography (EMG) results, onset of neurological recovery according to medication and onset of rehabilitation therapy by review of medical records.
RESULTS
Ramsay Hunt syndrome consisted 4.7% (84 cases of 1787) of total herpes zoster patients. The ratio of male to female patients was 37:47. Frequency was slightly higher in female patients. The mean age was 62+/-14.7 and the age distribution was in the range of 26~87 years. The most common clinical appearance was vesicular eruptions and facical nerve palsy including change in nasolabial fold and location of the lip (73.8%), followed by vesicular eruptions and vestibulocochlear symptoms like tinnitus and vertigo (16.7%), facial nerve palsy and vestibulocochlear symptoms appearing together (9.5%). EMG showed abnormal results in 67.9%. More than one kind of abnormality was commonly observed. The most common abnormal EMG result was fibrillation potential (42.2%), followed by positive sharp wave (31.3%), polyphasia (10.8%), high frequency discharge (8.4%), increased insertional activity (4.8%) and fasciculation (2.5%). There was no significant difference in onset of neurological recovery between acyclovir injections and oral famciclovir or valaciclovir treatment. The patients who had received physical therapy a week after the symptoms had developed, had a faster onset of recovery (2.8 week Vs 4.1 week, p<0.05).
CONCLUSION
This study suggests that antiviral agents of a different kind may not affect recovery onset and earlier rehabilitation therapy seems to be effective in neurological recovery in Ramsay Hunt syndrome.
Keyword
MeSH Terms
-
Acyclovir
Age Distribution
Antiviral Agents
Earache
Electromyography
Epidemiology
Facial Nerve
Facial Paralysis
Fasciculation
Female
Hearing Loss, Sensorineural
Herpes Zoster
Herpes Zoster Oticus*
Herpesvirus 3, Human
Humans
Lip
Male
Medical Records
Nasolabial Fold
Paralysis
Prognosis
Rehabilitation
Tinnitus
Vertigo
Acyclovir
Antiviral Agents
