Clinical Features in 147 Patients with Systemic Contact Dermatitisdue to the Ingestion of Chicken Boiled with Japanease Lacquer Tree

Won, Tai Hyok; Seo, Phil Seung; Park, Seok Don; Kim, Dong Lim; Park, Jae Hun

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Systemic contact dermatitis (SCD) due to the ingestion of Japanese lacquer tree (Rhus verniciflua) is pretty common in Korea, and it is on a trend of increment. It is thought that the increase in ingestion of chickens boiled with the lacquer tree has been caused by the regard of the lacquer tree as a health food or herbal medicine for gastrointestinal disease.
OBJECTIVE
To review the clinical findings and laboratory findings, and to make people aware of the harmful effects of the lacquer tree.
METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 147 patients who had SCD due to chicken boiled with lacquer tree, 98 patients in Wonkwang University Hospital over the last 20 years (1998`2007) and 49 patients in Areumdaun Dermatology Clinic over the past 5 months (August~December, 2007).
RESULTS
The sex ratio of patients (male to female) was 1.3:1 and the average age was 44.0 years old (range: 11~76). They ate chicken boiled with lacquer tree as a health food (42.9%) and for the treatment of gastrointestinal disease (22.4%). The mean incubation period was 47.7 hours (range: 30 min~16 days). The first symptoms they had were erythematous maculopapules (42.9%), itching without rash (33.7%), and edematous change (16.3%). The skin lesions developed as maculopapules (50.6%), erythroderma (40.9%), and erythema multiforme-like lesion (8.4%), vesicles, wheals, purpura, and pustules. On laboratory findings, some people had leukocytosis (61.2%), increment of Ig E (26.4%), abnormalities of liver function test (ALT: 16.3%, AST: 4.1%). Sixty percent of patients had a history of contact dermititous contracted via chicken boiled with rhus lacquer ingestion (36.7%) or contact with the lacquer tree. Clinical symptoms were developed by 29.5% who ate chicken boiled with lacquer. Mainly they had been treated with corticosteroids, antihistamines. The mean period needed for treatment was 8+/-2.4 days.
CONCLUSION
Systemic contact dermatitis due to ingestion of the lacquer tree was developed in either sensitized or non-sensitized persons. It is suggested that SCD is caused by the highly allergic and toxic effects of lacquer. Physicians need to make people aware of the harmful effects of the lacquer tree and educate people not to ingest it.