The Differences in Bispectral Index according to Age during Sevoflurane Anesthesia in Children Aged 1-7 Years

Oh, Ah Young; Gil, Nam Su; Yoon, Seung Joo; Kim, Hee Soo; Kim, Seong Deok; Kim, Chong Sung

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The bispectral index (BIS) was developed for adults, and the influence of neuronal and physiologic brain maturation on BIS in pediatric patients is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate BIS during anesthesia, using the same sevoflurane with respect to age in young children.
METHODS
Forty-two pediatric patients, aged 1-7 years, were enrolled in this study. Without premedication, anesthesia was induced with atropine, thiopental, and rocuronium and maintained with 2.0-2.5% sevoflurane and 50% N2O-50% O2. After induction, a pediatric BIS sensor was applied and monitored throughout the maintenance of and emergence from anesthesia.
RESULTS
BIS was analyzed in different age groups; 1-2 yr (n = 14), 3-4 yr (n = 13), 5-7 yr (n = 15). Operation and anesthesia times were similar forthe three age groups. Mean BIS values from ten minutes after skin incision to just before sevoflurane cessation (BISmean) were 67.0 +/- 6.2 for 1-2 yr, 50.5 +/- 9.4 for 3-4 yr, and 39.8 +/- 6.9 for 5-7 yr, and these values were significantly different for the three age groups. No significant differences were observed for extubation times, or times to a BIS value of 70 or 90 during anesthesia recovery.
CONCLUSIONS
When monitoring BIS in children aged 1-7 yr during anesthesia with sevoflurane, the BIS trend rather than the absolute value is more important and the BIS data, especially in children under 3 years of age, should be interpreted cautiously.