Korean Circ J.  2008 Jan;38(1):43-50. 10.4070/kcj.2008.38.1.43.

Rates and Related Factors of Progression to Hypertension among Prehypertensive Local Residents Aged 45 or Over in Chuncheon City: Hallym Aging Study from a Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study

• Kim YM
• Hong KS
• Choi YH
• Choi MG
• Jeong JY
• Lee JM
• Kim DH

• KMID: 2225873
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4070/kcj.2008.38.1.43

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Prehypertension (preHT) is considered to a precursor of hypertension and it is a predictor of excessive cardiovascular risk. We investigated the rates and determinants of progression to hypertension (HT) among local residents aged 45 or over, and we compared the differences in demographic factors, anthropometric measurements, life styles and metabolic profiles between the progression individuals and non-progression individuals.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS
Data from the Hallym Aging Study, which was conducted 3 years apart were used to form the sample of 489 adults. PreHT was defined by the Joint National Committee (JNC-7) criteria. We conducted interviews to determine the life style (alcohol, smoking and exercise) and the measured obesity indices. The metabolic profiles were fasting blood sugar (FBS), cholesterol, triglyceride and high density lipoprotein (HDL)-Cholesterol. The factors related to progression to HT were examined by using multiple logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS
The progression rate to HT was 56.4% (56.9% in men, 55.9% in women). The presence of metabolic syndrome was significantly greater and the body mass index (BMI) and systolic blood pressure were significantly higher in the progression group compared with the non-progression group (p=0.0475, p=0.0099, p=0.0082, respectively). Important determinants of progression to HT are a BMI> or =25 kg/m(2) [odds ratio (OR): 2.26, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02-5.22] and a diastolic blood pressure of 85-89 mmHg (OR: 6.11, CI: 1.55-24.13). Changes of FBS (deltaFBS) and pulse pressure (deltaPP) according to a time interval of 3 years are the significant related factors (OR: 3.40, CI: 1.04-11.13 and OR: 9.40, CI: 2.19-40.12, respectively).
CONCLUSION
PreHT frequently progresses to HT over a period of 3 years. A higher BMI and diastolic blood pressure at the index survey are significantly related to progression. deltaFBS and deltaPP are also important determinants. Therefore, early recognition of preHT and intensive life style modification are needed to prevent progression to HT.

Keyword

Prehypertension; Hypertension; Progression; Risk factors

MeSH Terms

Adult
Aged
Aging
Blood Glucose
Blood Pressure
Body Mass Index
Cholesterol
Cross-Sectional Studies
Demography
Fasting
Humans
Hypertension
Joints
Life Style
Lipoproteins
Logistic Models
Male
Metabolome
Obesity
Prehypertension
Risk Factors
Smoke
Smoking
Blood Glucose
Cholesterol
Lipoproteins
Smoke

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Flow chart of the study population for Hallym Aging Study.

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