J Korean Soc Traumatol.  2015 Dec;28(4):248-255. 10.0000/jti.2015.28.4.248.

Features of Patients Associated with Falls from Heights Admitted to Republican Research Center of Emergency Medicine

• Khadjibaev AM
• Sultanov P
• Kim H

• KMID: 2224035
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.0000/jti.2015.28.4.248

Abstract

PURPOSE
study of the mutual influence of the individual anatomical regions damage in patients associated with falls from heights.
METHODS
561 medical reports of patients associated with falls from heights admitted to Republican Research Center of Emergency Medicine (RRCEM), in period of 2010-2013 yy, were analyzed retrospectively. Patient's age range was from 15 to 89. Treatment of these patients held in three stages: period of acute disorders of vital functions; relative stabilization period; stabilization of vital functions. The scope and content of medical diagnostic procedures performed on pre-hospital and intensive care stages. The severity of each injury was scored according to the AIS scale, the total severity of lesions was scored by points due to ISS. Digital material is treated by methods of mathematical statistics.
RESULTS
Falls from heights leads to associated injuries for 4 times more than isolated trauma, and increases according to height of fall and falling surface. Patients with TBIdaggerchest trauma, are most serious contingent that has highest mortality and complications (36.8%). TBIdaggermusculoskeletal system trauma are characterized by high blood loss, traumatic shock and fat embolism, forming a vicious circle.
CONCLUSION
in patients associated with falls from heights clinical manifestations of injuries mutual aggravation syndrome will be seen. TBI leads to complication of chest trauma, delayed diagnostics of abdominal and chest trauma, aggravation of coma condition. Developing of high blood loss and fat embolism in musculoskeletal system trauma leads to shock and pulmonary embolism, which increases probability of death in the presence of abdominal or chest trauma, but abdominal trauma or chest trauma has no significant effect on the severity of the musculoskeletal system trauma.

Keyword

Accidental fall; Injuries; Polytrauma; ISS Score

MeSH Terms

Accidental Falls
Coma
Embolism, Fat
Emergencies*
Emergency Medicine*
Humans
Injury Severity Score
Critical Care
Mortality
Multiple Trauma
Musculoskeletal System
Pulmonary Embolism
Retrospective Studies
Shock
Shock, Traumatic
Thorax