The Efficacy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia and Factors Associated with Favorable Outcome

Jung, Ji Hyun; Lee, Byung Chan; Moon, Hye Jin; Cho, Yong Won

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is a treatment for chronic insomnia via psychological intervention. CBT-I is as effective as pharmacotherapy for insomnia patients. This study investigates the clinical efficacy of CBT-I and factors associated with good outcome.
METHODS
27 patients were included in this study, who visited sleep center from October 2011 to June 2012. All patients underwent baseline polysomnography for diagnosis and completed at least three sessions of CBT-I. The sleep scales and sleep diary were done. The clinical efficacy of CBT-I were evaluated by comparing changes of sleep efficacy (SE) between before and after the treatment based on the sleep diary. We grouped these patients into higher SE group and lower SE group according to their final SE. Then we retrospectively reviewed clinical characteristics and polysomnographic parameters in both groups to elucidate the factors associated with favorable outcome of CBT-I.
RESULTS
After CBT-I all patients showed significant improvement of sleep parameters (total sleep time, 181 min vs. 308 min; SE, 40% vs. 74%; sleep latency, 100 min vs. 41 min, wakefulness after sleep onset, 185 min vs. 59 min). There were no differences in sleep scales except Beck Depression Inventory between the higher SE group and the lower SE group. There were no differences in subjective sleep parameters of sleep diary between two groups at baseline.
CONCLUSIONS
At least three sessions of CBT-I at this center was effective. CBT-I was more effective in patients who were depressive.