J Korean Acad Prosthodont.  2009 Oct;47(4):376-384. 10.4047/jkap.2009.47.4.376.

The effect of Ca-P coatings of anodized implant surface on response of osteoblast-like cells in vitro

• Kim IY
• Jung SM
• Hwang SJ
• Shin SW

• KMID: 2195586
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4047/jkap.2009.47.4.376

Abstract

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the response of osteoblast-like cells to Ca-P coated surface obtained via Ion beam-assisted deposition (IBAD) method and Sol-Gel process on anodized surface by cellular proliferation and differentiation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The surface of a commercially pure titanium (Grade IV) discs with dimension of 10mm diameter and 2 mm thickness was modified by anodic oxidation under a constant voltage of 300 V. The experimental groups were coated with Ca-P by the IBAD method and Sol-Gel process on anodized surface. The surface roughness (Ra) of specimens was measured by optical interferometer and each surface was examined by SEM. To evaluate cell response, MG63 cells were cultured and cell proliferation, ALP activity and the ability of cell differentiation were examined. Also, cell morphology was examined by SEM. The significant of each group was verified by Kruskal-Wallis Test (alpha= .05).
RESULTS
The Ra value of Ca-P coated surface by IBAD method was significantly higher than Ca-P coated surface by Sol-gel process (P<.05). The level of cell proliferation and ALP activity was higher in Ca-P coated surface by IBAD method (P<.05). The expression of ALP showed higher level expression in Ca-P coated surface by IBAD method. Cells grown on Ca-P coated surface by IBAD method were uniformly distributed and developed a very close layer.
CONCLUSION
These experiments showed better performances of Ca-P coated surface by IBAD method with respect to Ca-P coated surface by Sol-gel process. Ca-P coated surface by IBAD method appear to give rise more mature osteoblast characteristics and might result in increased bone growth and bone-implant contact.

Keyword

Implant surface; Anodic oxidation; Hydroxyapatite; Ion beam-assisted deposition; Sol-gel; Cellular response

MeSH Terms

Bone Development
Cell Differentiation
Cell Proliferation
Durapatite
Osteoblasts
Titanium
Durapatite
Titanium

Figure

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  Fig. 1. Diagram of IBAD method (A) and sol-gel process (B).

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  Fig. 2. SEM images of three treated surfaces (Magnification × 5000). A: anodized surface, B: anodized + IBAD Ca-P coated surface, C: anodized + Sol-gel Ca-P coated surface.

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  Fig. 3. Cell proliferation of three treated groups. ∗Kruskal-Wallis test of the data demonstrates significant differences among groups (P < .05). Group 1: Anodized surface Group 2: Anodized + IBAD Ca-P coated surface Group 3: Anodized + Sol-Gel Ca-P coated surface

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  Fig. 4. ALP activity of three treated groups. ∗Kruskal-Wallis test of the data demonstrates significant differences among groups (P < .05). Group 1: Anodized surface Group 2: Anodized + IBAD Ca-P coated surface Group 3: Anodized + Sol-Gel Ca-P coated surface

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  Fig. 5. RT-PCR of three treated groups. G1: Group 1 (anodized surface) G2: Group 2 (anodized + IBAD Ca-P coated surface) G3: Group 3 (anodized + Sol-gel Ca-P coated surface) ALP: Alkaline phosphatase OC: osteocalcin BSP: bone sialoprotein Col I: Type 1 collagen IGF-1: insulin-like growth factor-1 TGF-β 1: transforming growth factor-β 1 VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor

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  Fig. 6. SEM of cell morphology after culturing for 7 days. A, D, G: anodized surface, B, E, H: anodized + IBAD Ca-P coated surface, C, F, I: anodized + Sol-gel Ca-P coated surface A, B, C: Magnification × 100, D, E, F: Magnification × 700, G, H, I: Magnification × 5000.

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