J Korean Med Assoc.  2007 Sep;50(9):769-777. 10.5124/jkma.2007.50.9.769.

Causes and Diagnoses of Cervical Cancer

• Kim YT

• KMID: 2184909
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5124/jkma.2007.50.9.769

Abstract

Cervical cancer is the second most common malignant neoplasm affecting women worldwide, with a high rate of mortality throughout the world. Epidemiologic, biologic, and genetic data have identified a consistent association of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection with the development of cervical cancer. Minor causes of cervical cancer include oral contraceptives, obstetrical history, sexually transmitted disease, smoking, nutrition, immunosuppression state, and unexplained factors. For the screening and diagnosis of cervical carcinoma, Papanicolaou cytologic test (Pap test), liquid-based cytologic test, colposcopy, cervicography, and HPV DNA test are clinically useful diagnostic procedures. Liquid-based cytologic test, HPV DNA test, and cervicography can be used additionally to decrease the false negative rate of conventional Pap test.

Keyword

Cervical cancer; Cause of cervical cancer; Diagnosis of cervical cancer

MeSH Terms

Colposcopy
Contraceptives, Oral
Diagnosis*
Female
Human Papillomavirus DNA Tests
Humans
Immunosuppression
Mass Screening
Mortality
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Smoke
Smoking
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*
Contraceptives, Oral
Smoke

Figure

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  Figure 1 Correlation between cancer and risk factors.

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  Figure 2 The Pap test.

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  Figure 3 Colposcopic findings of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer. A) aceto-white epithelium, B) punctuation, C) mosaic, D) atypical vessels.

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