1.Raikin SM. Arthrodesis of the ankle: arthroscopic, mini-open, and open techniques. Foot Ankle Clin. 2003. 8:347–59.
Article
2.Ahmad J., Raikin SM. Ankle arthrodesis: the simple and the complex. Foot Ankle Clin. 2008. 13:381–400.
Article
3.Blankenhorn BD., Saltzman CL. Ankle arthritis. Coughlin MJ, Saltzman CL, Anderson RB, editors. editors.Mann’s surgery of the foot and ankle. 9th ed.Philadelphia: Saunders/Elsevier;2013. p. 1037–74.
4.Flückiger G., Weber M. The transfibular approach for ankle arthrodesis. Oper Orthop Traumatol. 2005. 17:361–79.
5.Grass R., Rammelt S., Biewener A., Zwipp H. Arthrodesis of the ankle joint. Clin Podiatr Med Surg. 2004. 21:161–78.
Article
6.Dohm MP., Benjamin JB., Harrison J., Szivek JA. A biomechanical evaluation of three forms of internal fixation used in ankle arthrodesis. Foot Ankle Int. 1994. 15:297–300.
Article
7.Ogilvie-Harris DJ., Fitsialos D., Hedman TP. Arthrodesis of the ankle. A comparison of two versus three screw fixation in a crossed configuration. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1994. 304:195–9.
8.Holt ES., Hansen ST., Mayo KA., Sangeorzan BJ. Ankle arthrodesis using internal screw fixation. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1991. 268:21–8.
9.Colman AB., Pomeroy GC. Transfibular ankle arthrodesis with rigid internal fixation: an assessment of outcome. Foot Ankle Int. 2007. 28:303–7.
Article
10.Klaue K., Bursic D. The dorsolateral approach to the ankle for arthrodesis. Oper Orthop Traumatol. 2005. 17:380–91.
11.Morgan CD., Bodenstab AB. Arthroscopic Bankart suture repair: technique and early results. Arthroscopy. 1987. 3:111–22.
Article
12.Dannawi Z., Nawabi DH., Patel A., Leong JJ., Moore DJ. Ar-throscopic ankle arthrodesis: are results reproducible irrespective of pre-operative deformity? Foot Ankle Surg. 2011. 17:294–9.
Article
13.Ogilvie-Harris DJ., Lieberman I., Fitsialos D. Arthroscopically assisted arthrodesis for osteoarthrotic ankles. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1993. 75:1167–74.
Article
14.Myerson MS., Quill G. Ankle arthrodesis. A comparison of an ar-throscopic and an open method of treatment. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1991. 268:84–95.
15.Paremain GD., Miller SD., Myerson MS. Ankle arthrodesis: results after the miniarthrotomy technique. Foot Ankle Int. 1996. 17:247–52.
Article
16.Miller SD., Paremain GP., Myerson MS. The miniarthrotomy technique of ankle arthrodesis: a cadaver study of operative vascular compromise and early clinical results. Orthopedics. 1996. 19:425–30.
Article
17.Gruen GS., Mears DC. Arthrodesis of the ankle and subtalar joints. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1991. 268:15–20.
18.Campbell CJ., Rinehart WT., Kalenak A. Arthrodesis of the ankle. Deep autogenous inlay grafts with maximum cancellous-bone apposition. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1974. 56:63–70.
19.Kelly IP., Easley ME. Treatment of stage 3 adult acquired flatfoot. Foot Ankle Clin. 2001. 6:153–66.
Article
20.Kelly IP., Nunley JA. Treatment of stage 4 adult acquired flatfoot. Foot Ankle Clin. 2001. 6:167–78.
Article
21.Bohay DR., Anderson JG. Stage IV posterior tibial tendon insufficiency: the tilted ankle. Foot Ankle Clin. 2003. 8:619–36.
Article
22.Saltzman C. Ankle arthritis. Coughlin MJ, Mann RA, Saltzman CL, editors. editors.Surgery of foot and ankle. 8th ed.Philadelphia: Mosby Elsevier;2007. p. 923–83.
23.Muir D., Angliss RD., Nattrass GR., Graham HK. Tibiotalocalca-neal arthrodesis for severe calcaneovalgus deformity in cerebral palsy. J Pediatr Orthop. 2005. 25:651–6.
Article
24.Mulfinger GL., Trueta J. The blood supply of the talus. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1970. 52:160–7.
Article
25.Peterson L., Goldie I., Lindell D. The arterial supply of the talus. Acta Orthop Scand. 1974. 45:260–70.
26.Horst F., Gilbert BJ., Nunley JA. Avascular necrosis of the talus: current treatment options. Foot Ankle Clin. 2004. 9:757–73.
Article
27.Mont MA., Schon LC., Hungerford MW., Hungerford DS. Avascular necrosis of the talus treated by core decompression. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1996. 78:827–30.
Article
28.Hussl H., Sailer R., Daniaux H., Pechlaner S. Revascularization of a partially necrotic talus with a vascularized bone graft from the iliac crest. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 1989. 108:27–9.
Article
29.Blair H. Comminuted fractures and fracture dislocations of the body of the astragalus. Operative treatment. Am J Surg. 1943. 59:37–43.
30.Morris HD. Aseptic necrosis of the talus following injury. Or-thop Clin North Am. 1974. 5:177–89.
Article
31.Dennis MD., Tullos HS. Blair tibiotalar arthrodesis for injuries to the talus. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1980. 62:103–7.
Article
32.Adelaar RS., Madrian JR. Avascular necrosis of the talus. Orthop Clin North Am. 2004. 35:383–95.
Article
33.Baumhauer JF., Lu AP., DiGiovanni BF. Arthodesis of the infected ankle and subtalar joint. Foot Ankle Clin. 2002. 7:175–90.
Article
34.Kollig E., Esenwein SA., Muhr G., Kutscha-Lissberg F. Fusion of the septic ankle: experience with 15 cases using hybrid external fixation. J Trauma. 2003. 55:685–91.
Article
35.Ahmad J., Pour AE., Raikin SM. The modified use of a proximal humeral locking plate for tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis. Foot Ankle Int. 2007. 28:977–83.
Article
36.Dalla Paola L., Volpe A., Varotto D., Postorino A., Brocco E., Senesi A, et al. Use of a retrograde nail for ankle arthrodesis in Charcot neuroarthropathy: a limb salvage procedure. Foot Ankle Int. 2007. 28:967–70.
Article
37.Caravaggi C., Cimmino M., Caruso S., Dalla Noce S. Intramedullary compressive nail fixation for the treatment of severe Charcot deformity of the ankle and rear foot. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2006. 45:20–4.
Article
38.Myerson MS., Alvarez RG., Lam PW. Tibiocalcaneal arthrodesis for the management of severe ankle and hindfoot deformities. Foot Ankle Int. 2000. 21:643–50.
Article
39.Pinzur MS., Noonan T. Ankle arthrodesis with a retrograde femoral nail for Charcot ankle arthropathy. Foot Ankle Int. 2005. 26:545–9.
Article
40.Hockenbury RT., Gruttadauria M., McKinney I. Use of implantable bone growth stimulation in Charcot ankle arthrodesis. Foot Ankle Int. 2007. 28:971–6.
Article