Diabetes Metab J.  2014 Aug;38(4):294-301. 10.4093/dmj.2014.38.4.294.

Impact of Serum Triglyceride and High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels on Early-Phase Insulin Secretion in Normoglycemic and Prediabetic Subjects

• Shimodaira M
• Niwa T
• Nakajima K
• Kobayashi
• Hanyu N
• Nakayama T

• KMID: 2174106
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2014.38.4.294

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Increased triglycerides (TGs) and decreased high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels are established as diabetic risks for nondiabetic subjects. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship among TG, HDL-C, TG/HDL-C ratio, and early-phase insulin secretion in normoglycemic and prediabetic subjects.
METHODS
We evaluated 663 Japanese subjects who underwent the 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. On the basis of these results, the subjects were divided into four groups: those with normal glucose tolerance (NGT; n=341), isolated impaired fasting glucose (i-IFG; n=211), isolated impaired glucose tolerance (i-IGT; n=71), and combined IFG and IGT (IFG+IGT; n=40). Insulin secretion was estimated by the insulinogenic index (IGI) (Deltainsulin/Deltaglucose [30 to 0 minutes]) and disposition index (DI) (IGI/homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance).
RESULTS
In prediabetic subjects (i-IFG, i-IGT, and IFG+IGT), linear regression analyses revealed that IGI and DI were positively correlated with HDL-C levels. Moreover, in subjects with i-IGT and (IFG+IGT), but not with i-IFG, the indices of insulin secretion were negatively correlated with the log-transformed TG and TG/HDL-C ratio. In both the subjects with i-IGT, multivariate linear regression analyses revealed that DI was positively correlated with HDL-C and negatively with log-transformed TG and TG/HDL-C ratio. On the other hand, in subjects with NGT, there was no association between insulin secretion and lipid profiles.
CONCLUSION
These results revealed that serum TG and HDL-C levels have different impacts on early-phase insulin secretion on the basis of their glucose tolerance status.

Keyword

Cholesterol, HDL; Diabetes; Insulin secretion; Triglycerides

MeSH Terms

Asian Continental Ancestry Group
Cholesterol, HDL*
Fasting
Glucose
Glucose Tolerance Test
Hand
Humans
Insulin*
Linear Models
Triglycerides*
Cholesterol, HDL
Glucose
Insulin
Triglycerides

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