1. Kilpatrick ES. The rise and fall of HbA(1c) as a risk marker for diabetes complications. Diabetologia. 2012; 55:2089–91.
Article
2. Kovatchev BP, Otto E, Cox D, Gonder-Frederick L, Clarke W. Evaluation of a new measure of blood glucose variability in diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2006; 29:2433–8.
Article
3. Smith-Palmer J, Brändle M, Trevisan R, Orsini Federici M, Liabat S, Valentine W. Assessment of the association between glycemic variability and diabetes-related complications in type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2014; 105:273–84.
Article
4. Kilpatrick ES, Rigby AS, Atkin SL. A1C variability and the risk of microvascular complications in type 1 diabetes: data from the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial. Diabetes Care. 2008; 31:2198–202.
5. Wadén J, Forsblom C, Thorn LM, Gordin D, Saraheimo M, Groop PH. Finnish Diabetic Nephropathy Study Group. A1C variability predicts incident cardiovascular events, microalbuminuria, and overt diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes. 2009; 58:2649–55.
Article
6. Marcovecchio ML, Dalton RN, Chiarelli F, Dunger DB. A1C variability as an independent risk factor for microalbuminuria in young people with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2011; 34:1011–3.
Article
7. Hsu CC, Chang HY, Huang MC, Hwang SJ, Yang YC, Lee YS, Shin SJ, Tai TY. HbA1c variability is associated with microalbuminuria development in type 2 diabetes: a 7-year prospective cohort study. Diabetologia. 2012; 55:3163–72.
Article
8. Sugawara A, Kawai K, Motohashi S, Saito K, Kodama S, Yachi Y, Hirasawa R, Shimano H, Yamazaki K, Sone H. HbA(1c) variability and the development of microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes: Tsukuba Kawai Diabetes Registry 2. Diabetologia. 2012; 55:2128–31.
Article
9. Penno G, Solini A, Bonora E, Fondelli C, Orsi E, Zerbini G, Morano S, Cavalot F, Lamacchia O, Laviola L, Nicolucci A, Pugliese G. Renal Insufficiency And Cardiovascular Events Study Group. HbA1c variability as an independent correlate of nephropathy, but not retinopathy, in patients with type 2 diabetes: the Renal Insufficiency And Cardiovascular Events (RIACE) Italian multicenter study. Diabetes Care. 2013; 36:2301–10.
10. Prince CT, Becker DJ, Costacou T, Miller RG, Orchard TJ. Changes in glycaemic control and risk of coronary artery disease in type 1 diabetes mellitus: findings from the Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications Study (EDC). Diabetologia. 2007; 50:2280–8.
Article
11. Penno G, Solini A, Zoppini G, Orsi E, Fondelli C, Zerbini G, Morano S, Cavalot F, Lamacchia O, Trevisan R, Vedovato M, Pugliese G. Renal Insufficiency and Cardiovascular Events (RIACE) Study Group. Hemoglobin A1c variability as an independent correlate of cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional analysis of the renal insufficiency and cardiovascular events (RIACE) Italian multicenter study. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2013; 12:98.
Article
12. Luk AO, Ma RC, Lau ES, Yang X, Lau WW, Yu LW, Chow FC, Chan JC, So WY. Risk association of HbA1c variability with chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes: prospective analysis of the Hong Kong Diabetes Registry. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2013; 29:384–90.
13. Lee EJ, Kim YJ, Kim TN, Kim TI, Lee WK, Kim MK, Park JH, Rhee BD. A1c variability can predict coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes with mean a1c levels greater than 7. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul). 2013; 28:125–32.
Article
14. Kim CS, Park SY, Yu SH, Kang JG, Ryu OH, Lee SJ, Hong EG, Kim HK, Kim DM, Yoo JM, Ihm SH, Choi MG, Yoo HJ. Is A1C Variability an Independent Predictor for the Progression of Atherosclerosis in Type 2 Diabetic Patients? Korean Diabetes J. 2010; 34:174–81.
Article
15. Hirakawa Y, Arima H, Zoungas S, Ninomiya T, Cooper M, Hamet P, Mancia G, Poulter N, Harrap S, Woodward M, Chalmers J. Impact of visit-to-visit glycemic variability on the risks of macrovascular and microvascular events and all-cause mortality in type 2 diabetes: the ADVANCE trial. Diabetes Care. 2014; 37:2359–65.
Article
16. Ma WY, Li HY, Pei D, Hsia TL, Lu KC, Tsai LY, Wei JN, Su CC. Variability in hemoglobin A1c predicts all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Complications. 2012; 26:296–300.
Article
17. Takao T, Matsuyama Y, Yanagisawa H, Kikuchi M, Kawazu S. Association between HbA1c variability and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Complications. 2014; 28:494–9.
Article
18. Monnier L, Mas E, Ginet C, Michel F, Villon L, Cristol JP, Colette C. Activation of oxidative stress by acute glucose fluctuations compared with sustained chronic hyperglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes. JAMA. 2006; 295:1681–7.
Article
19. Watada H, Azuma K, Kawamori R. Glucose fluctuation on the progression of diabetic macroangiopathy–new findings from monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2007; 77(Suppl 1):S58–61.
Article
20. Otsuka A, Azuma K, Iesaki T, Sato F, Hirose T, Shimizu T, Tanaka Y, Daida H, Kawamori R, Watada H. Temporary hyperglycaemia provokes monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells in rat thoracic aorta. Diabetologia. 2005; 48:2667–74.
Article
21. Quagliaro L, Piconi L, Assaloni R, Da Ros R, Maier A, Zuodar G, Ceriello A. Intermittent high glucose enhances ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-selectin expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells in culture: the distinct role of protein kinase C and mitochondrial superoxide production. Atherosclerosis. 2005; 183:259–67.
Article
22. Del Guerra S, Grupillo M, Masini M, Lupi R, Bugliani M, Torri S, Boggi U, Del Chiaro M, Vistoli F, Mosca F, Del Prato S, Marchetti P. Gliclazide protects human islet beta-cells from apoptosis induced by intermittent high glucose. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2007; 23:234–8.
Article
23. Asche C, LaFleur J, Conner C. A review of diabetes treatment adherence and the association with clinical and economic outcomes. Clin Ther. 2011; 33:74–109.
Article
24. Newcomer JW. Antipsychotic medications: metabolic and cardiovascular risk. J Clin Psychiatry. 2007; 68(Suppl 4):8–13.
25. Welch HG, Sharp SM, Gottlieb DJ, Skinner JS, Wennberg JE. Geographic variation in diagnosis frequency and risk of death among Medicare beneficiaries. JAMA. 2011; 305:1113–8.
Article
26. Hamer M, Stamatakis E, Kivimäki M, Pascal Kengne A, Batty GD. Psychological distress, glycated hemoglobin, and mortality in adults with and without diabetes. Psychosom Med. 2010; 72:882–6.
Article