J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs.  2015 Dec;26(4):321-329. 10.12799/jkachn.2015.26.4.321.

The Association between Bullying Experience related to Clinical Placement and Psychological Well-being in Nursing Students

• Ren L
• Kim H
• Jung MS

• KMID: 2173829
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2015.26.4.321

Abstract

PURPOSE
This study aimed to explore the prevalence of bullying and to examine the effect of bullying on psychological well-being including depression, self-esteem, and academic major satisfaction among nursing students during clinical training.
METHODS
Three hundreds one nursing students who were recruited from three universities in D City were assessed with self-report questionnaires of bullying experience and psychological well-being. Data analyses were performed using the SPSS 21.0 program, which included one-way ANOVA, independent t-test, Pearson's correlation, and multiple linear regression analyses.
RESULTS
More than three quarters of the participants experienced bullying during their clinical training, and their experience of being bullied was a significant predictor of psychological well-being even after controlling for perceived academic performance, relationship between nurses and students, teachers' or nurses' help to deal with bullying, and religion.
CONCLUSION
Bullying was an issue among nursing students during clinical placement. Bullying experience yielded negative psychological outcomes associated with high depression, low self-esteem, and low academic major satisfaction. Practical guidelines are required in nursing education to protect students from the possible harm of bullying in clinical settings during training.

Keyword

Nursing students; Bullying; Depression; Self esteem; Personal satisfaction

MeSH Terms

Bullying*
Depression
Education, Nursing
Humans
Linear Models
Nursing*
Personal Satisfaction
Prevalence
Self Concept
Statistics as Topic
Students, Nursing*

Reference

1. Johnson SL. International perspectives on workplace bullying among nurses: A review. Int Nurs Rev. 2009; 56(1):34–40. DOI: 10.1111/j.1466-7657.2008.00679.x.

2. Ferns T, Meerabeau L. Verbal abuse experienced by nursing students. J Adv Nurs. 2008; 61(4):436–444. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2007.04504.x.

3. Palaz S. Turkish nursing students' perceptions and experiences of bullying behavior in nursing education. J Nurs Educ Pract. 2013; 3(1):23–30. DOI: 10.5430/jnep.v3n1p23.

4. Longo J, Sherman RO. Leveling horizontal violence. Nurs Manage. 2007; 38(3):34–37. DOI: 10.1097/01.NUMA.0000262925.77680.e0.

5. Farrell GA. Aggression in clinical settings: Nurses' views-a follow-up study. J Adv Nurs. 1999; 29(3):532–541. DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.1999.00920.x.

6. Etienne E. Exploring workplace bullying in nursing. Workplace Health Saf. 2014; 62(1):6–11. DOI: 10.3928/21650799-20131220-02.

7. Meissner JE. Nurses: Are we eating our young? Nursing. 1986; 16(3):51–53.

8. Ferns T, Meerabeau E. Reporting behaviours of nursing students who have experienced verbal abuse. J Adv Nurs. 2009; 65(12):2678–2688. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2009.05114.x.

9. Schlossberg NK, Lynch AQ, Chickering AW. Improving higher education environments for adults: Responsive programs and services from entry to departure. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Inc;1989. p. 281.

10. Schlossberg NK. A model for analyzing human adaptation to transition. Couns Psychol. 1981; 9(2):2–18. DOI: 10.1177/001100008100900202.

11. Brown EC, Low S, Smith BH, Haggerty KP. Outcomes from a school-randomized controlled trial of steps to respect: A bullying prevention program. School Psych Rev. 2011; 40(3):423–433.

12. McDaniel KR, Ngala F, Leonard KM. Does competency matter? Competency as afactor in workplace bullying. J Manage Psychol. 2015; 30(5):597–609. DOI: 10.1108/JMP-02-2013-0046.

13. Ryff CD. Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1989; 57(6):1069–1081. DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.57.6.1069.

14. Ratanasiripong P, Wang CC. Psychological well-being of Thai nursing students. Nurse Educ Today. 2011; 31(4):412–416. DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2010.08.002.

15. Warr P, Cook J, Wall T. Scales for the measurement of some work attitudes and aspects of psychological well-being. Occup Psychol. 1979; 52(2):129–148. DOI: 10.1111/j.2044-8325.1979.tb00448.x.

16. Nauta MM. Assessing college students' satisfaction with their academic majors. J Career Assess. 2007; 15(4):446–462. DOI: 10.1177/1069072707305762.

17. Einarsen S, Raknes BI. Harassment in the workplace and the victimization of men. Violence Vict. 1997; 12(3):247–263.

18. Cooper JR, Walker J, Askew R, Robinson JC, McNair M. Students' perceptions of bullying behaviours by nursing faculty. Issues Educ Res. 2011; 21(1):1–21.

19. Celik SS, Bayraktar N. A study of nursing student abuse in Turkey. J Nurs Educ. 2004; 43(7):330–336.

20. Radloff LS. The CES-D Scale: a self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Appl Psychol Meas. 1977; 1(3):385–401. DOI: 10.1177/014662167700100306.

21. Cho MJ, Kim G. Clinical properties of CES-D among depressive symptoms patients. J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc. 1993; 32(3):381–397.

22. Jeon BJ. Self-esteem: A test of its measurability. Yonsei Nonchong. 1974; 11:107–130.

23. Ha JY. Drinking problems, stress, depression and self-esteem of university students. J Korean Acad Adult Nurs. 2010; 22(2):182–189.

24. Iglesias ME, Vallejo BR. Prevalence of bullying at work and its association with self-esteem scores in a Spanish nurse sample. Contemp Nurse. 2012; 42(1):2–10. DOI: 10.5172/conu.2012.42.1.2.

25. Park J. Nursing student's experience, their response and coping method of violence. [dissertation]. Busan: Pusan National University;2013. 162.

26. Cleary M, Hunt GE, Walter G, Robertson M. Dealing with bullying in the workplace: Toward zero tolerance. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv. 2009; 47(12):34–41. DOI: 10.3928/02793695-20091103-03.

27. Cho GH. The confucian origin of the east Asian collectivism. Korean J Soc Pers Psychol. 2007; 21(4):21–54.

28. Scott H. Stoicism does not make nursing a profession. Br J Nurs. 2001; 10(11):696.

29. Kivimaäki M, Virtanen M, Vartia M, Elovainio M, Vahtera J, Keltikangas-Jaärvinen L. Workplace bullying and the risk of cardiovascular disease and depression. Occup Environ Med. 2003; 60(10):779–783. DOI: 10.1136/oem.60.10.779.

30. Topa G, Guglielmi D, Depolo M. Mentoring and group identification as antecedents of satisfaction and health among nurses: What role do bullying experiences play? Nurse Educ Today. 2014; 34(4):507–512. DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2013.07.006.