J Vet Sci.  2015 Jun;16(2):213-219. 10.4142/jvs.2015.16.2.213.

Tarantula cubensis extract alters the degree of apoptosis and mitosis in canine mammary adenocarcinomas

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ondokuz Mayis, Samsun 55200, Turkey. nilgung@omu.edu.tr
  • 2Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ondokuz Mayis, Samsun 55200, Turkey.
  • 3Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kafkas, Kars 36000, Turkey.
  • 4Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mehmet Akif Ersoy, Burdur 15030, Turkey.
  • 5Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Dicle, Diyarbakir 21830, Turkey.
  • 6Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Harran, Urfa 63300, Turkey.
  • 7Centre for Artificial Insemination and Embryo Transfer, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna A-1210, Austria.
  • 8Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ankara, Ankara 06100, Turkey.

Abstract

In the present study, 13 clinical cases of canine mammary adenocarcinoma were evaluated in order to understand the effect of Tarantula cubensis extract (TCE) on tumor tissue. Punch biopsies were taken from the tumors before treatment with TCE. Subcutaneous injections of TCE were administered three times at weekly intervals (3 mL per dog). Between days 7 and 10 after the third injection, the tumor masses were extirpated by complete unilateral mastectomy. Pre- and post-treatment tumor tissues were immunohistochemically assessed. The expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) was found to be higher in pre-treatment compared to post-treatment tissues (p < 0.01) whereas Ki-67 expression was lower in post-treatment tissues (p < 0.01). No significant differences in fibroblast growth factor or vascular endothelial growth factor expression were observed between pre- and post-treatment tissues (p > 0.05). The apoptotic index was determined to be low before treatment and increased during treatment. These results suggest that TCE may be effective for controlling the local growth of canine mammary adenocarcinoma by regulating apoptosis.

Keyword

apoptosis; canine; mammary tumors; Tarantula cubensis

MeSH Terms

Adenocarcinoma/*drug therapy/physiopathology
Animals
Apoptosis/drug effects
Dog Diseases/*drug therapy/physiopathology
Dogs
Female
Mammary Neoplasms, Animal/*drug therapy/physiopathology
Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/*drug therapy/physiopathology
Mitosis/drug effects
Spiders/*chemistry

Figure

  • Fig. 1 Mean percentage of areas positive for Bcl-2 (p < 0.01), Ki-67 (p < 0.01), apoptosis (p < 0.01), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF; p > 0.05), and fibroblast growth factor (FGF; p > 0.05).

  • Fig. 2 Immunohistochemical staining for Ki-67 and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2). (A) Pre-treatment Ki-67-positive cells (arrow). (B) Post-treatment Ki-67-positive cells (arrow). (C) Pre-treatment Bcl-2-positive cells (arrow). (D) Post-treatment Bcl-2-positive cells. Immunoperoxidase technique with Mayer's haematoxylin counterstaining. Magnification: 240× (A), 180× (B and C), 140× (D).

  • Fig. 3 Pre- and post-treatment terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling (TUNEL) results. (A) Post-treatment TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells (arrow). (B) Pre-treatment TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells (arrow). TUNEL assay with Mayer's haematoxylin counterstaining, Magnification: 240× (A), 140× (B).

  • Fig. 4 Immunohistochemical staining for VEGF and FGF. (A) Pre-treatment VEGF-positive cells (arrow). (B) Post-treatment VEGF-positive cells (arrow) (C) Pre-treatment FGF-positive cells (arrow). (D) Post-treatment FGF-positive cells (arrow). Immunoperoxidase technique with Mayer's haematoxylin counterstaining, Magnification: 180× (A and B), 140× (C and D).


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