J Dent Rehabil Appl Sci.  2016 Mar;32(1):47-59. 10.14368/jdras.2016.32.1.47.

Changes in occlusal force depending on the movement of the adjacent and opposing teeth after loss of lower first molar: comparative study by using a strain gauge

• Song MJ
• Park JM
• Chun YS

• KMID: 2162379
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.14368/jdras.2016.32.1.47

Abstract

PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in occlusal force after loss of the lower first molar depending on the inclination and extrusion of the adjacent and opposing teeth by using a strain gauge.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Anatomic teeth were used to reconstruct the normal dental arch with loss of the lower right first molar. A uniformly thick layer of silicone was applied to the root to mimic the periodontal ligament. Four stages of dies with varying degrees of inclination and extrusion of the adjacent and opposing teeth were constructed and attached to master model interchangeably by using a CAD/CAM fabricated customized die system. The strain gauges were attached to teeth and a universal testing machine was used to determine the changes in occlusal force. An independent t-test and one-way ANOVA were performed (α = .05).
RESULTS
While simulating chewing food, the upper first, second premolar and lower second molar showed greater occlusal force than before extraction. When the change of adjacent teeth's occlusal force with their progressive movement after molar loss was evaluated, the difference among four die models was significant and was in the decreasing aspect (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
When the lower first molar was lost and the adjacent teeth did not move yet, the occlusal force in adjacent teeth was higher than that when the lower first molar still existed. In addition, the occlusal force in the upper premolars and lower second molar decreased significantly with the progressive movement of adjacent teeth.

Keyword

loss of lower molar; tilted adjacent tooth; occlusal force; strain gauge

MeSH Terms

Bicuspid
Bite Force*
Dental Arch
Mastication
Molar*
Periodontal Ligament
Silicon
Silicones
Tooth*
Silicon
Silicones

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Working and experimental model fabrication. (A) Anatomy of artificial teeth (Nissin Dental Products Inc., Japan), (B) Working model with loss of lower first molar, (C) Experimental model.

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  Fig. 2 Buccal and lingual views of experimental models. (A) Model 1, (B) Model 2, (C) Model 3, (D) Model 4.

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  Fig. 3 Schematic diagram of customized die system. The housing in green color was fixed on the master model and four experimental models were mounted on dies in blue color. The experimental models were interchangeable by this system. (A) View of assembled die system, (B) Disassembled system viewed, (C) Completed assembly by CNC milling process.

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  Fig. 4 Equipment used for measurement of occlusal force. (A) Experimental model mounted on a semiadjustable articulato, (B) Universal testing machine, (C) Control software for universal testing machine, (D) Ewha dynamic occlusal analyzer software, (E) Builtin bridge box and Amplifier of Ewha dynamic occlusal analyzer.

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  Fig. 5 Change of occlusal force with progressive movement of adjacent teeth when chewing beef jerky. * Significant at P < 0.05. URP1, upper right 1st premolar; LRP2, lower right 2nd premolar; URP2, upper right 2nd premolar; URM1, upper right 1st molar; LRM2, lower right 2nd molar; URM2, upper right 2nd molar.

Reference

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