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J Korean Med Sci.  2015 Jun;30(6):725-732. 10.3346/jkms.2015.30.6.725.

Prevalence of Spirometrically-defined Restrictive Ventilatory Defect in Korea: The Fourth-2, 3, and Fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2008-2012

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Chungju Hospital, Chungju, Korea.
  • 2Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Anyang, Korea.
  • 3Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
  • 4Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Chilgok, Korea.
  • 5Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea.
  • 6Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
  • 7Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
  • 8Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
  • 9Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
  • 10Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
  • 11Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
  • 12Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital-Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea.
  • 13Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea.
  • 14Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
  • 15Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Health and Nutrition Survey, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongwon, Korea.
  • 16Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. khyou@kuh.ac.kr

Abstract

The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of restrictive ventilatory defect and to determine the risk factors in subjects with spirometrically-defined restrictive ventilatory defect. We used the population-based, fourth-2, 3 (2008, 2009) and fifth (2010-2012) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) to analyze 15,073 subjects, aged > or =40 yr who underwent spirometry. Chest radiographs were also analyzed to identify restrictive lung disease. Spirometrically-defined restrictive ventilatory defect (FEV1/FVC> or =70% and FVC<80% of mean predicted value) was detected in 11.3% (n= 1,709) of subjects aged > or =40 yr. The prevalence increased to 12.3% on using the lower limit of normal (LLN) criteria. Approximately 99.4% of subjects were classified as mild restrictive. Among these, 11.3% had inactive tuberculosis (TB) lesion, 2.2% cardiac disease, 2.0% previous operation scar or radiation injury and/or mediastinal disease, and 7.4% other pulmonary disease suggestive of restrictive lung diseases on chest radiograph. Evidence of previous TB history was independently associated with restrictive ventilatory defect (odds ratios [OR], 1.78; 95% confidence interval, 1.45-2.18) after adjustment for gender, age, smoking, area for residence and body mass index. The prevalence of restrictive ventilatory defect among the nationwide population in Korea was 11.3% with fixed ratio criterion and 12.3% with LLN criterion. Most cases were of the mild restrictive category and previous TB history is the independent risk factor for restrictive ventilatory defect.

Keyword

Epidemiology; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Respiratory Function Tests; Tuberculosis; X-Rays

MeSH Terms

Adult
Age Distribution
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Educational Status
Female
Health Care Surveys
Housing
Humans
Income
Lung Diseases, Obstructive/*diagnosis/*epidemiology
Male
Middle Aged
Prevalence
Reproducibility of Results
Republic of Korea/epidemiology
Risk Factors
Sensitivity and Specificity
Sex Distribution
Smoking/*epidemiology
Spirometry/*statistics & numerical data

Figure

  • Fig. 1 Selection of subjects for the analysis of prevalence of restrictive ventilatory defect.


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