J Vet Sci.  2014 Sep;15(3):409-415. 10.4142/jvs.2014.15.3.409.

Antibiotic resistance and molecular characterization of ophthalmic Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates from dogs

• Kang MH
• Chae MJ
• Yoon JW
• Kim SG
• Lee SY
• Yoo JH
• Park HM

• KMID: 2155624
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2014.15.3.409

Abstract

The prevalence, virulence potential, and antibiotic resistance of ophthalmic Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (SP) isolated from dogs were examined. Sixty-seven Staphylococcus species were isolated from ophthalmic samples and surveyed for species-specific sequences in the Staphylococcus intermedius group (SIG) nuclease gene (SInuc), exfoliative toxin gene for SIG (siet), and antibiotic resistance genes (blaZ and mecA). PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the pta gene was also performed. Fifty isolates were identified as SIG strains, all of which were found to be SP. The blaZ gene was detected in 42 of the 50 SP strains and mecA gene was observed in 18 of the 50 SP strains. The 50 SP strains were most susceptible to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (94%) and chlorampenicol (70%), and highly resistant to tetracycline (94%) and penicillin (92%). It was also found that 16 (88.9%) mecA-positive SP strains were resistant to oxacillin, tetracycline and penicillin. All mecA-positive SP were resistant to more than four of the eight tested antibiotics and therefore considered SP with multi-drug resistance (MDR). Our results indicate a high prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes in ophthalmic SP along with a close relationship between MDR SP strains and the mecA gene. Based on our findings, judicious administration of antibiotics to companion dogs is necessary.

Keyword

antibiotic resistance; canine; methicillin resistance; ophthalmic; Staphylococcus pseudintermedius

MeSH Terms

Animals
Anti-Bacterial Agents/*therapeutic use
Dog Diseases/drug therapy/*microbiology
Dogs
Drug Resistance, Bacterial
Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial
Eye Infections, Bacterial/drug therapy/microbiology/*veterinary
Microbial Sensitivity Tests/veterinary
Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction
Staphylococcal Infections/drug therapy/microbiology/*veterinary
Staphylococcus/*drug effects/isolation & purification
Anti-Bacterial Agents

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Results of the multiplex PCR assay. Detection of the SInuc (125 bp), siet (359 bp), mecA (532 bp), and blaZ (700 bp) genes. A highly conserved region of 16S rDNA (252 bp) was used as an internal positive control. Marker, 100 bp ladder; SIG, S. intermedius group.

• 

  Fig. 2 PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the SP pta gene. M, 100 bp ladder; 1, S. pseudintermedius (SP; 213 and 107 bp); 2, S. aureus (156 and 164 bp); 3, S. intermedius or S. delphini (Others, 320 bp); 4, Not S. intermedius or S. aureus.

• 

  Fig. 3 Correlation of methicillin resistance and multi-drug resistance in the 50 ophthalmic SP isolates.

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