Korean J Anesthesiol.  1998 Oct;35(4):654-661. 10.4097/kjae.1998.35.4.654.

The Effect of Clonidine Premedication on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate during Endotracheal Intubation

• Shin SW
• Kim HS
• Kwon JY
• Kim HK
• Baik SW
• Kim IS
• Chung KS

• KMID: 2091284
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4097/kjae.1998.35.4.654

Abstract

BACKGREOUND: The endotracheal intubation for inhalational anesthesia induces hypertension and tachycardia and these hemodynamic changes cause many cardiovascular complications. Propofol has hemodynamic stability compared with thiopental sodium as an induction agent of general anesthesia. Clonidine, an 2-adrenergic receptor agonist, blunts hemodynamic changes when administered as premedicant. We evaluated the hemodynamic stability during endotracheal intubation after clonidine premedication and each induction with thiopental sodium or propofol.
METHODS
The 40 male and 40 female patients who scheduled for elective surgery, were randomly assigned in 4 groups (Group I, II, III and IV). In Group II and IV, the patients were administered 150 microgram of oral clonidine 90 minutes before induction of general anesthesia. Thiopental sodium was used as induction agents in Group I and II, propofol in Group III and IV. We measured systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure and heart rate at ward before administration of oral clonidine premedication (baseline value), before induction, after administration of induction agent, just after intubation, 1, 2, 3 and 5 minutes after endotracheal intubation.
RESULTS
The systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure and heart rate were increased significantly in all 4 groups (P<0.05) when compared to baseline value of each group but lower in Group IV (P<0.05) compared to Group I, II, III.
CONCLUSION
Clonidine 150 microgram premedication and induction of general anesthesia with propofol blunts hemodynamic changes induced by endotracheal intubation.

Keyword

Anesthetic technique: laryngoscopy; intubation; hemodynamic changes; Intubation; Premedication: clonidine

MeSH Terms

Anesthesia
Anesthesia, General
Arterial Pressure
Blood Pressure*
Clonidine*
Female
Heart Rate*
Heart*
Hemodynamics
Humans
Hypertension
Intubation
Intubation, Intratracheal*
Male
Premedication*
Propofol
Tachycardia
Thiopental
Clonidine
Propofol
Thiopental