Korean J Physiol Pharmacol.  2010 Oct;14(5):249-256. 10.4196/kjpp.2010.14.5.249.

Gender-Related Differences in a Process of the Age-Dependent Alterations of the Elements in Monkey Sino-Atrial Node

• Satoh H
• Tohno S
• Minami T
• Oishi T
• Hayashi M
• Tohno Y

• KMID: 2071690
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4196/kjpp.2010.14.5.249

Abstract

Gender differences in the trace elements of monkey sino-atrial (SA) node were investigated in a process of age-dependent alterations. Sixty hearts from Japanese and rhesus monkeys (30 male and 30 female) used were aged ranging from 1-day- to 30-year-old. The elements were analyzed using an inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES). Advancing age decreased all the trace elements. Ca, P, S and Mg significantly decreased. The correlation coefficients of Ca and P were -0.178+/-0.081 (p<0.05) and -0.088+/-0.022 (p<0.05) in male (n=30), and -0.095+/-0.026 (p<0.05) and -0.069+/-0.017 (p<0.05) in female (n=30), respectively. The age-dependent coefficients for Fe/Ca, Zn/Ca, Fe/P, Fe/S, Zn/S, Fe/Mg and Zn/Mg were exhibited markedly in male, but all was less in female. In gender-related differences, only a ratio of P/Ca (p<0.05) was significantly observed with ageing. The trace elements such as Cu, Se and Sn were less detected in the SA nodes. These results indicate that the age-dependent changes in the ratios of elements are appeared more rapidly in male monkey SA node, and the gender difference is observed in ratio of P/Ca. The different attenuations may be involved with the age- and gender-related SA nodal functions.

Keyword

Gender difference; Trace elements; Age-dependent alteration; Cardiac pacemaker; Monkey sino-atrial node

MeSH Terms

Adult
Aged
Asian Continental Ancestry Group
Female
Haplorhini
Heart
Humans
Macaca mulatta
Male
Sinoatrial Node
Trace Elements
Trace Elements

Figure

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  Fig. 1. Age-related slopes for the elements in monkey SA node. Values are represented as mean±SEM. ∗p<0.05, with respect to coefficient slope.

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  Fig. 2. Age-related alterations with aging for the elements in monkey SA node. Open circles and solid line indicate the male monkey SA node (n=30), and filled circles and dashed line the female monkeys (n=30). Values are represented as mean± SEM. ∗p<0.05, with respect to coefficient slope.

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  Fig. 3. Gender-related differences in each element as a base of Ca content in the SA node along with ageing. Open circles and solid line indicate the male monkeys (n=30), and filled circles and dashed line the female monkeys (n=30). Values are represented as mean±SEM. ∗p<0.05, with respect to coefficient slope. #p<0.05, with respect to the gender difference.

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  Fig. 4. Gender- and age-related differences in each element as a base of P content. Correlation coefficients among the elements in monkey SA node are present along with ageing. Open circles and solid line indicate the male monkeys (n=30), and filled circles and dashed line the female monkeys (n=30). Values are represented as mean±SEM. ∗∗∗p<0.001, with respect to coefficient slope.

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  Fig. 5. Gender-related differences in each element as a base of S content in the SA node along with ageing. Open circles and solid line indicate the male monkeys (n=30), and filled circles and dashed line the female monkeys (n=30). Values are represented as mean±SEM. ∗p<0.05, ∗∗∗p<0.001, with respect to coefficient slope.

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  Fig. 6. Gender-related differences in each element as a base of Mg content in the SA node along with ageing. Open circles and solid line indicate the male monkeys (n=30), and filled circles and dashed line the female monkeys (n=30). Values are represented as mean± SEM. ∗p<0.05, with respect to coefficient slope.

Reference

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