J Korean Biol Nurs Sci.  2015 Aug;17(3):219-227. 10.7586/jkbns.2015.17.3.219.

Review of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy as an Intervention Program for Internet Addicts: A Theoretical Framework and Implications with Physiological Perspectives

• Kim N
• Hong SH

• KMID: 2068960
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.7586/jkbns.2015.17.3.219

Abstract

PURPOSE
This study was conducted to review physiological mechanisms of internet addiction and to construct a theoretical framework for cognitive behavioral therapy for internet addicts.
METHODS
We searched for relevant literature in the PubMed and RISS databases using the terms "internet addiction", "internet game addiction", "internet abuser", and "online game". Only English, full-text articles published from 2000 to 2015 were included in this review of physiological indicators of internet addiction. Finally, 12 articles were selected for review.
RESULTS
The theoretical framework developed based on the review proposes that excessive internet use itself may induce physiological stress responses with an increase of stress-related hormones and neurotransmitters. Prolonged abnormal responses of these physiological features produce negative structural and functional changes in the prefrontal cortex, which is mainly involved in cognitive and executive functions. These changes may result in decreased cognitive function. As a stressor, excessive internet use leads to transforming voluntary use into involuntary, habitual use and thus promotes the development of internet addiction.
CONCLUSION
The proposed theoretical framework encompasses cognitive processes that may contribute to the effects of internet use-induced physiological stress on internet addiction. We believe that this framework has important implications for developing cognitive behavioral strategies for internet addicts.

Keyword

Internet; Addiction; Cognitive behavioral therapy; Theoretical framework

MeSH Terms

Cognitive Therapy*
Executive Function
Internet*
Neurotransmitter Agents
Prefrontal Cortex
Stress, Physiological
Neurotransmitter Agents