1. Chua K, Chuo A, Kong KH. Urinary incontinence after traumatic brain injury. Brain Inj. 2003. 17:469–478.
2. Patel M, Coshall C, Rudd AG, Wolfe CD. Natural history and effects in 2-year outcomes of urinary incontinence after stroke. Stroke. 2001. 32:122–127.
3. Taub NA, Wolfe CD, Richardson E, Burney PG. Predicting the disability of first time stroke sufferers at 1 year. 12-month follow-up of a population-based cohort in southeast England. Stroke. 1994. 25:352–357.
4. Barrett JA. Bladder and bowel problems after stroke. Rev Clin Gerontol. 2002. 12:253–267.
5. Wilson D, Lowe D, Hoffman A, Rudd A, Wagg A. Urinary incontinence in stroke: results from the UK National Sentinel Audits of Stroke 1998-2004. Age Ageing. 2008. 37:542–546.
6. Safaz I, Alaca R, Yasar E, Tok F, Yilmaz B. Medical complications, physical function and communication skills in patients with traumatic brain injury: a single centre 5-years experience. Brain Injury. 2008. 22:733–739.
7. Flaherty JH, Miller DK, Coe RM. Impact on caregivers of supporting urinary function in noninstitutionalized, chronically ill seniors. Gerontologist. 1992. 32:541–545.
8. Brittain KR, Peet SM, Potter JF, Castleden CM. Prevalence and management of urinary incontinence in stroke survivors. Age Ageing. 1999. 28:509–511.
9. Brittain KR, Perry SI, Peet SM, Shaw C, Dallosso H, Assassa RP, Williams K, Jagger C, Potter JF, Castleden CM. Prevalence and impact of urinary symptoms among community dwelling stroke survivors. Stroke. 2000. 31:886–891.
10. Park BG, Chun SI, Park CI. A study of correlation between early urinary incontinence and rehabilitation outcome in stroke patients. J Korean Acad Rehabil Med. 1990. 14:176–183.
11. van Kuijk AA, van der Linde H, van Limbeek J. Urinary incontinence in stroke patients after admission to a postacute inpatient rehabilitation program. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2001. 82:1407–1411.
12. Cifu DX, Stewart DG. Factors affecting functional outcome after stroke: a critical review of rehabilitation interventions. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1999. 80:5 Suppl 1. S35–S39.
13. Dromerick AW, Reding MJ. Functional outcome for patients with hemiparesis, hemihypesthesia, and hemianopsia: Does lesion location matter? Stroke. 1995. 26:2023–2026.
14. Abrams P, Cardozo L, Fall M, Griffiths D, Rosier P, Ulmsten U, van Kerrebroeck P, Victor A, Wein A. The standardisation of terminology of lower urinary tract function: report from the Standardisation Sub-committee of the International Continence Society. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2002. 187:116–126.
15. Mungas D. In-office mental status testing: a practical guide. Geriatrics. 1991. 46:54–58. 6366
16. Tibaek S, Gard G, Klarskov P, Iversen HK, Dehlendorff C, Jensen R. Prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in stroke patients: a cross-sectional, clinical survey. Neurourol Urodyn. 2008. 27:763–771.
17. Oh BM, Kim JH, Kim YS, Lim JY, Paik NJ, Han TR. Lower urinary tract symptoms in chronic stroke survivors: frequency and impact on quality of life. J Korean Acad Rehabil Med. 2005. 29:450–456.
18. Oostra K, Everaert K, Van Laere M. Urinary incontinence in brain injury. Brain Injury. 1996. 10:459–464.
19. Griffiths D, Tadic SD. Bladder control, urgency, and urge incontinence: evidence from functional brain imanging. Neurourol Urodyn. 2008. 27:466–474.
20. Chua KS, Kong KH. Functional outcome in brain stem stroke patients after rehabilitation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1996. 77:194–197.