Effect of surface modification on bond strength in titanium-porcelain system

Roh, Sung Wook; Vang, Mong Sook; Yang, Hong So; Park, Sang Won; Park, Ha Ok; Lim, Hyun Pil

Abstract

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Titanium has many advantages of high biocompatibility, physical porperties, low-weight, low price and radiolucency, but it is incompatible with conventional dental porcelain due to titanium's oxidative nature. Many previous studies have shown that they used the method of sandblast for surface treatment prior to porcelain application, the researchs are processing about the method of acid etching or surface coating. PURPOSE: The purpose of this research is to study the effect on bond strength between titanium and porcelain when using macro-surface treatment and micro-surface treatment and macro and micro surface treatment . MATERIAL AND METHOD: In this study, we evaluated the bond strength by using 3-point bending test based on ISO 9693 after classified 7 groups - group P : polished with #1200 grit SiC paper, group SS : sandblasted with 50 micrometer aluminum oxides, group LS : sandblasted with 250 micrometer alumium oxides, group HC : treated with 10 % hydrochloric acid, group NF : treated with 17% solution of fluoric acid and nitric acid, group SHC : treated with 10 % hydrochloric aicd after sandblsting with 50 micrometer alumium oxides, group SNF : treated with 17 % solution of fluoric acid and nitric acid.
RESULTS
Within the confines of our research, the following results can be deduced. 1. Group SS which was sandblasted with 50 micrometer aluminum oxides showed the highest bond strength of 61.74 MPa and significant differences(P<0.05). The bond strengths with porcelain in groups treated acid etching after sandblasting decreased more preferable than the group treated with sandblasting only. It gives significant differences(P<0.05). 2. After surface treatments, the group treated with sandblasting showed irregular aspect formed many undercuts, in the SEM photographs. The group treated with hydrochloric acid had the sharp serrated surfaces, the group treated with the solution of fluoric acid and nitric acid had the smooth surfaces, the group with sandblasting and hydrochloric acid had irrigular and porous structure, the group with sandblasting and the solution of fluoric acid and nitric acid had craterlike surfaces. But all of the groups treated with acid etching was not found and undercut.
CONCLUSION
In above results, average surface roughness increase, bond strength also increase, but surface topographs influences more greatly on bond strengths.