Korean J Orthod.  2010 Aug;40(4):212-226. 10.4041/kjod.2010.40.4.212.

Effect of remineralization and inhibition to demineralization after fluoride gel or hydroxyapatite paste application on stripped enamel

• Hong HS
• Kim HY
• Sung JY
• Cho JH
• Kim SC

• KMID: 1975602
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4041/kjod.2010.40.4.212

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of remineralization and inhibition to demineralization after fluoride gel (acidulated phosphate fluoride, APF) or hydroxyapatite (HAp) paste application on interdentally stripped teeth.
METHODS
After interdental stripping, 1.23% APF or 5%, 10% HAp paste were applied for 7 days for remineralization. Afterwards, teeth were exposed to lactate carbopol buffer solution for demineralization. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were used to compare change in surface contents and crystal structures after remineralization, and then after demineralization.
RESULTS
EDS analysis indicated that calcium (p < 0.001) and phosphate (p < 0.01) contents were increased after 10% HAp paste application on stripped enamel, calcium (p < 0.05) and phosphate (p < 0.01) contents were increased after 5% HAp paste application, and fluoride (p < 0.01) contents were increased after 1.23% APF application. SEM image showed that enamel surfaces became smoother and crystal structures became small and compact after APF or HAp application. After demineralization, calcium (p < 0.05) and phosphate (p < 0.05) contents remained increased on the enamel remineralized with 10% HAp paste, and phosphate (p < 0.05) contents remained increased on the enamel remineralized with 5% HAp paste. After demineralization, surfaces looked less destroyed in the enamel remineralized beforehand than those of the control, and small pores between crystal structures, formed by remineralization were remained.
CONCLUSIONS
Hydroxyapatite paste and fluoride gel were helpful to remineralize and inhibit deminerlization on stripped enamel.

Keyword

Enamel stripping; Remineralization; Surface contents of enamel; Crystal structure of enamel

MeSH Terms

Calcium
Dental Enamel
Durapatite
Fluorides
Lactic Acid
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
Polyvinyls
Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission
Tooth
Calcium
Durapatite
Fluorides
Lactic Acid
Polyvinyls

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Surface appearance and crystal structure change of stripped enamel after 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) gel application for 7 days (SEM micrograph). A, Stripped enamel (× 250); B, after 1.23% APF gel application on stripped enamel (× 250); C, stripped enamel (× 50 k); D, after 1.23% APF gel application on stripped enamel (× 50 k).

• 

  Fig. 2 Surface appearance and crystal structure change of stripped enamel after 5% hydroxyapatite (HAp) paste application for 7 days (SEM micrograph). A, Stripped enamel (× 250); B, after 5% HAp paste application on stripped enamel (× 250); C, stripped enamel (× 50 k); D, after 5% HAp paste application on stripped enamel (× 50 k).

• 

  Fig. 3 Surface appearance and crystal structure change of stripped enamel after 10% hydroxyapatite (HAp) paste application for 7 days (SEM micrograph). A, Stripped enamel (× 250); B, after 10% HAp paste application on stripped enamel (× 250); C, stripped enamel (× 50 k); D, after 10% HAp paste application on stripped enamel (× 50 k).

• 

  Fig. 4 Surface appearance and crystal structure change after demineralization of stripped enamel treated with 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) gel for 7 days (SEM micrograph). A, After demineralization of stripped enamel (× 250); B, after demineralization of stripped enamel treated with 1.23% APF gel (× 250); C, after demineralization of stripped enamel (× 3 k); D, after demineralization of stripped enamel treated with 1.23% APF gel (× 3 k); E, after demineralization of stripped enamel (× 50 k); F, after demineralization of stripped enamel treated with 1.23% APF gel (× 50 k).

• 

  Fig. 5 Surface appearance and crystal structure change after demineralization of stripped enamel treated with 5% hydroxyapatite (HAp) paste for 7 days (SEM micrograph). A, After demineralization of stripped enamel (× 250); B, after demineralization of stripped enamel treated with 5% HAp paste (× 250); C, after demineralization of stripped enamel (× 3 k); D, after demineralization of stripped enamel treated with 5% HAp paste (× 3 k); E, after demineralization of stripped enamel (× 50 k); F, after demineralization of stripped enamel treated with 5% HAp paste (× 50 k).

• 

  Fig. 6 Surface appearance and crystal structure change after demineralization of stripped enamel treated with 10% hydroxyapatite (HAp) paste for 7 days (SEM micrograph). A, After demineralization of stripped enamel (× 250); B, after demineralization of stripped enamel treated with 10% HAp paste (× 250); C, after demineralization of stripped enamel (× 3 k); D, after demineralization of stripped enamel treated with 10% HAp paste (× 3 k); E, after demineralization of stripped enamel (× 50 k); F, after demineralization of stripped enamel treated with 10% HAp paste (× 50 k).

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  Fig. 7 Quantitative evaluation on the enamel surface by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS).

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