Status of Intestinal Parasite Infections among 4,137 Residents from Provinces Nationwide and Metropolitan Areas in the Republic of Korea(2004)

Chai, Jong Yil; Park, Jae Hwan; Guk, Sang Mee; Kim, Hyo Jin; Kim, Won Hee; Kim, Jae Lip; Gu, Young Suk; Shin, Eun Hee; Park, Hyun Mo; Hong, Kwang Seon; Kim, Sung Dae; Lee, Soon Hyung

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The status of intestinal parasite infections among the residents of nationwide geographical areas in the Republic of Korea has been little investigated since 1997. The present study was designed to estimate the infection status of intestinal parasites among residents of several geographical areas in the Republic of Korea.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Fecal samples of 4,137 people (men:2,170, women:1,967) who visited the Korea Association of Health Promotion for a health check-up were collected from July to September, 2004. Specimens were examined for helminth eggs, larvae, and protozoan cysts using the Kato-Katz thick smear, formalin-ether sedimentation, and modified acid-fast staining techniques.
RESULTS
Helminth eggs, larvae, and protozoan cysts were found in 322 (7.8%) of the 4,137 specimens examined. The helminth species detected were Clonorchis sinensis (in 259 specimens; 6.3%), Metagonimus sp. (14; 0.34%), Pygidiopsis summa (5; 0.12%), unidentified heterophyids (24; 0.58%), Echinostoma sp. (4; 0.1%), Gymnophalloides seoi (4; 0.1%), Paragonimus westermani (1; 0.02%), Trichuris trichiura (10; 0.24%), Ascaris lumbricoides (1; 0.02%), hookworms (1; 0.02%), and Strongyloides stercoralis (larva positive) (1; 0.02%). The protozoans detected were Entamoeba coli (9; 0.22%), Giardia lamblia (1; 0.02%), and Isospora sp. (1; 0.02%). The parasite positive rate was the highest in Gyeongsangnam-do (38 specimens; 15.3%), followed in decreasing order by Gwangju/ Jeollanam-do (56; 13.9%), Busan (58; 12.3%), Gyeongsangbuk-do (18; 11.2%), Daejeon/Chungcheongnam-do (42; 8.1%), Chungcheongbuk-do (18; 8.0%), Incheon (10; 7.0%), Daegu (22; 6.8 %), Gyeonggi-do (25; 5.0%), Jeollabuk-do (7; 4.4%), Gangwon-do (6; 3.5%), Seoul (20; 2.6%), and Jeju-do (2; 2.0%). The male positive rate (225/2,170; 10.4%) was significantly higher than that of females (95/1,967; 4.8%) (P<0.01).
CONCLUSION
Fish-borne trematodes including C. sinensis and heterophyids appear to be the major intestinal parasites among residents of the Republic of Korea. Control efforts are required against these fish-borne parasitic zoonoses.