MRI findings for diagnosis of the temporomandibular joint disc perforation

Kim, Hyung Gon; Kim, Il Soo; Park, Kwang Ho; Huh, Jong Ki; Yoon, Hyun Joong; Cho, Na Ri Ya

Abstract

PURPOSE
This study is to report presurgical magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) findings of the temporomandibular joint which had perforation in the disc or its surrounding tissues and to improve its diagnostic rate using MRI.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
The sample consisted of patients who visited the TMJ clinic at Yongdong Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, during the years, 1992 and 1997. They were diagnosed as TMJ internal derangement and received surgical treatment. We divided them into two groups. The first group comprised of 85 joints with perforated disc or its surrounding tissues and which were confirmed surgically. The second group of 62 joints which only had disc displacement without perforation, hyperemia or adhesion served as control.
RESULTS
The preoperative diagnostic sensitivity of TMJ perforation using MRI was 74.1%. The MRI findings for diagnosis of the TMJ perforation were degenerative change of the condyle head or the articular fossa, bone to bone contact between the condyle head and the articular eminence or the articular fossa, bony spurring or osteophytosis of the condyle head, flattening of articular surface of the condyle head or the articular eminence, discontinuity of the disc and the arthrographic effect due to joint effusion.
CONCLUSION
The preoperative diagnostic sensitivity of TMJ perforation using MRI in this study was 74.1% which was lower than the diagnostic rate using the arthrogram. Further investigations are needed to improve the diagnostic accuracy of TMJ perforation using MRI.