J Korean Ophthalmol Soc.  1966 Dec;7(2):113-118.

Two cases of papilledema associated with typical albumino cytologic dissociation in spinal fluids

• Kim HC
• Pak BG

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to call attention to the occasional occurrence of papilledema associated with typical albuminoytologic dissociation in spinal fluids. In view of the possible allergic etiology of the syndrome by Reitman, ACTH and corticosteroids have been tried. These drugs have yielded encouraging results when treatment was initiated early in the course of the illness, when nerve-root edema had caused only functional paralysis but the syndromes of my cases hadn't responded to prednisolone. It can be deduced that the illness is thought to be too advanced and the nerve-root had had organic destructions already. our cases revealed prolonged typical albuminocytologic dissociation in spinal fluids, increased intracranial pressure throughout the whole hospital course and papilledema. This condition is really a very common one but there is so much confusion about the criteria necessary for the diagnosis and so many different names are employed to designate it that its incidence is thought to be underestimated. A review of the literature dealing with Guillain-Barre syndrome reveals few references to papilledema. Occasional notes of "optic neuritis" are found but the descriptions are not sufficient to enadle one to dete mine whether there was papilledema or not. In the author's cases, the optic nerVe heads showed papilledema of 3 diopters or more with tortuosities of the veins and filling of the cups. There were no hemorrhages or exudates. Although not essential, the demonstration of an increased protein in cerebrospinal fluids with little or no elevation of cells is an appreciable aid in diagnosis on the Guillain-Barr'e syndrome. Certainly this patient, with a protein content of from 243 mg% to 1,200 mg% in 8 successive lumbar punctures with cell counts ranging from zero to 29 lymphocytes per cubic millimeter demonstrates typical albuminocytologic dissociation. Walsh postulated one more element to this syndrome and pointed out that increased intracranial pressure may occur in cases otherwise typical of the Guillain-Barre syndrome. It is scarecely necessary to add the cause of this condition, if indeed there is one cause and not many cases, is quite unknown. In the author's cases, the intracranial pressure revealed from 110 mm H2O to 520 mm H20 in 8 successive lumbar punctures.

MeSH Terms

Adrenal Cortex Hormones
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
Cell Count
Cerebrospinal Fluid
Diagnosis
Edema
Exudates and Transudates
Guillain-Barre Syndrome
Hemorrhage
Humans
Incidence
Intracranial Pressure
Lymphocytes
Optic Disk
Papilledema*
Paralysis
Prednisolone
Spinal Puncture
Veins
Adrenal Cortex Hormones
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
Prednisolone