J Korean Soc Endocrinol.  1998 Dec;13(4):563-571.

Clinical Features of Ectopic Thyroid Gland

• Park JC
• Oh JH
• Nam SY
• Yoon JS
• Won KJ
• Cho IH
• Lee HW
• Lee CK
• Lee JT

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Ectopic thyroid gland is relatively rare condition and a developmental anomaly characterized by an aggregated of thyroid tissue in the midline anywhere from the base of the tongue to the mediastinum. The role of ectopic thyroid in the pathogenesis of non-goitrous sporadic cretinism and primary hypothyroidism has been emphasized. 19 cases of ectopic thyroid for 12 years was presented with Tc-pertechnetate or radioactive iodine, which were diagnosed by scintigraphy.
METHODS
We wish to report these 19 cases and 12 cases of brief review of literatures on the incidence, etiology and development, symptomatology, diagnosis and treatment of ectopic thyroid gland was done.
RESULTS
The most frequent incidental age was between the age 1 year and 29 years. And the frequency of ectopic thyroid was about 7 times more common in female(27 cases) than in male(4 cases). The location of ectopic thyroid were found to be lingual in 18 cases, sublingual in 9 cases, prelaryngeal in 1 case, and combine with lingual and sublingual in 3 cases. In chief complaints, palpable mass was most common and there were foreign body sensation on throat, dysphagia, dysphonia, and hoarseness. In 15 cases of hypothyroidism, l2 cases were taken thyroid hormone replacement therapy, 1 case was removed ectopic thyroid gland. In 2 of 10 cases of euthyroidism, replacement of thyroid hormone were done and 2 cases were removed ectopic thyroid gland, in 6 cases of unknown thyroid function, 1 case was removed ectopic thyroid gland and 131I therapy was done in 1 case, and others were observed with following up thyroid function test.
CONCLUSION
These results suggest that the long terms thyroid function test, thyroglossal duct eyst and malignant change in ectopic thyroid tissue when finding the ectopic thyroid in thyroid scintigraphy were recommended highly.

MeSH Terms

Congenital Hypothyroidism
Deglutition Disorders
Diagnosis
Dysphonia
Foreign Bodies
Hoarseness
Hormone Replacement Therapy
Hypothyroidism
Incidence
Iodine
Mediastinum
Pharynx
Radionuclide Imaging
Sensation
Thyroid Dysgenesis*
Thyroid Function Tests
Thyroid Gland
Tongue
Iodine