Middle and Long Term Results of 34 Cases of Emergency Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery

Son, Jeong Hwan; Lee, Weon Yong; Kim, Eung Jung; Chee, Hyun Keun; Shin, Yoon Chul; Kim, Kun Il; Choi, Kwang Min; Lee, Won Jin

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Coronary artery bypass graf t (CABG) has been settled as most safe surgery among the open heart surgeries. However, in patients with cardiogenic shock, the emergency CABG has higher mortality than elective CABG. We analyzed thirty four patients who underwent emergency CABG and report the middle and long-term results. MATERIAL AND METHOD: From June 1994 to December 2001, 34 patients who underwent emergency CABG at Kang-dong Sacred Heart Hospital were include in this study. On the basis of hospital databases and Out Patient Department (OPD) follow up data, preoperative diagnosis, risk factor, coronary artery anatomy, operation technique, postoperative mortality, complication, recurrence of symptom, and mid and long term mortality were analyzed retrospectively. RESULT: Indications for emergency CABG were 29 cardiogenic shocks (85.3%), 4 intractable chest pains (11.8%), and 1 polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (2.9%). Preoperative angiographic diagnoses were triple vessel disease in 16 (47.1%) and left main disease in 8 (23.5%) patients. We used saphenous vein grafts in 81 and left internal thoracic artery grafts in 14 anastomosis. The mean number of grafts per patients was 2.8+/-0.8. The mean aortic cross clamp time was 91.9+/-34.6 minutes and the mean cardiopulmonary bypass time was 262.7+/-198.3 minutes. Early mortality was 50% and the most common cause of early mortality was low cardiac output in 7 (20.6%) patients. The mean follow-up period was 30.9+/-35.7 months. There were no recurrences of symptom and late mortality.
CONCLUSION
In the case of emergency operation, aggressive and proper management with drugs and IABP should be done for preoperative hemodynamic stability and early surgical intervention is the most important factor for patient salvage.