Clin Orthop Surg.  2014 Mar;6(1):103-109. 10.4055/cios.2014.6.1.103.

How to Do Random Allocation (Randomization)

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul Sacred Heart General Hospital, Seoul, Korea. kjhnav@naver.com

Abstract

PURPOSE
To explain the concept and procedure of random allocation as used in a randomized controlled study.
METHODS
We explain the general concept of random allocation and demonstrate how to perform the procedure easily and how to report it in a paper.

Keyword

Random allocation; Simple randomization; Block randomization; Stratified randomization

MeSH Terms

Humans
Random Allocation
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic/*methods

Figure

  • Fig. 1 Simple randomization sheet.

  • Fig. 2 An example of randomization when the block size is four.

  • Fig. 3 Block randomization when the block size is two and four. Total eight blocks in the red-dotted line are assigned at random. The left column is for allocation and the right column is for the total sample size.

  • Fig. 4 www.randomization.com can do block randomization more easily. In this figure, the block size is 2, 4, and 6 when the total samples are 88.

  • Fig. 5 The reality of the randomization procedure.

  • Fig. 6 MS word can replace A and B with a specific treatment name easily.


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Reference

1. Bhandari M, Richards RR, Sprague S, Schemitsch EH. The quality of reporting of randomized trials in the Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery from 1988 through 2000. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2002; 84(3):388–396.
2. Montané E, Vallano A, Vidal X, Aguilera C, Laporte JR. Reporting randomised clinical trials of analgesics after traumatic or orthopaedic surgery is inadequate: a systematic review. BMC Clin Pharmacol. 2010; 10:2.
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