J Vet Sci.  2014 Mar;15(1):149-155. 10.4142/jvs.2014.15.1.149.

Echocardiographic assessment of coronary artery flow in normal canines and model dogs with myocardial infarction

• Park N
• Kim J
• Lee M
• Lee S
• Song S
• Lee S
• Kim S
• Park Y
• Eom K

• KMID: 1737621
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2014.15.1.149

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the usefulness of coronary arterial profiles from normal dogs (11 animals) and canines (six dogs) with experimental myocardial infarction (MI) induced by ligation of the left coronary artery (LCA). Blood velocity of the LCA and right coronary artery (RCA) were evaluated following transthoracic pulsed-wave Doppler echocardiography. The LCA was observed as an infundibular shape, located adjacent to the sinus of Valsalva. The RCA appeared as a tubular structure located 12 o'clock relative to the aorta. In normal dogs, the LCA and RCA mean peak diastolic velocities were 20.84 +/- 3.24 and 19.47 +/- 2.67 cm/sec, respectively. The LCA and RCA mean diastolic deceleration times were 0.91 +/- 0.14 sec and 1.13 +/- 0.20 sec, respectively. In dogs with MI, the LCA had significantly (p < 0.01) lower peak velocities (14.82 +/- 1.61 cm/sec) than the RCA (31.61 +/- 2.34 cm/sec). The RCA had a significantly (p < 0.01) rapid diastolic deceleration time (0.71 +/- 0.06 sec) than that found in the LCA (1.02 +/- 0.22 sec) of MI dogs. In conclusion, these profiles may serve as a differential factor for evaluating cardiomyopathy in dogs.

Keyword

coronary artery; dog; echocardiography; myocardial infarction; peak diastolic velocity

MeSH Terms

Animals
Blood Flow Velocity/*veterinary
Coronary Vessels/surgery/*ultrasonography
Dog Diseases/*diagnosis
Dogs/*physiology
Echocardiography, Doppler, Pulsed/standards/*veterinary
Female
Male
Myocardial Infarction/diagnosis/*veterinary

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Images of the coronary arteries with two-dimensional echocardiography (left) and color Doppler mapping (right). (A) Image of the right coronary artery (RCA; arrows) obtained from the modified left cranial short-axis view. (B) Image of the left coronary artery (LCA; arrows) acquired from the modified right parasternal long-axis left ventricular outflow tract view. RV: right ventricle, RA: right atrium, Ao: aorta, LA: left atrium, LV: left ventricle.

• 

  Fig. 2 Spectral Doppler mode images of coronary blood flow in the myocardial infarction (MI) group and control group. (A) RCA blood flow in a control dog. (B) RCA blood flow in a beagle with MI. (C) LCA blood flow in a control canine. (D) LCA blood flow in an animal with MI. S: systolic wave, D: diastolic wave.

• 

  Fig. 3 Box-and-whisker plot of the diastolic peak velocity of normal dogs and model canines with MI. The MI group had significantly different peak diastolic velocities in the RCA and LCA compared to those for the control group (*). The RCA also had a more rapid peak diastolic velocity than that of the LCA in the MI group (†).

• 

  Fig. 4 Box-and-whisker plot of the diastolic deceleration time of normal dogs and model canines with MI. The RCA in the MI group had a rapid diastolic deceleration time compared to that of the RCA in the control group (*) and that of the LCA in the MI group (†).

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