J Korean Assoc Maxillofac Plast Reconstr Surg.
2009 Jul;31(4):353-360.
Repair of bilateral cleft lip and nose : Principles and methods of mulliken
- Affiliations
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- 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Korea. ysjoms@yuhs.ac
- 2Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Children's Hospital Boston, USA.
Abstract
- The principles for repair of bilateral cleft lip and nasal deformity are 1) symmetry, 2) primary muscular continuity, 3) proper philtral size and shape, 4) formation of the median tubercle and vermilion-cutaneous ridge from lateral labial elements, and 5) primary positioning of the alar cartilages to construct the nasal tip and columella. The authors underscore the essential role of preoperative premaxillary positioning for the synchronous closure of the cleft lip and primary palate, and describe Mulliken's operative technique. We discuss threedimensional adjustments based on predicted fourth-dimensional changes. In a consecutive series of 50 patients, no revisions were necessary for philtral size or columellar length. Preoperative premaxillary positioning and primary repair of bilateral cleft lip and nasal deformity may impair maxillary growth. Nevertheless, a symmetric nasolabial appearance, rather than emphasis on maxillary growth, is the priority for the child with bilateral cleft lip.
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