Clinical Review on Urolithiasis (III)

Baeck, Jae Seung; Choi, Kyung Jin; Nou, Chung Hee; Kim, Si Whang; Lee, Hee Yong; Kim, Young Kyoon; Choo, Kuen Won

Abstract

A statistical observation was made on 841 cases of urolithiasis among the l.004 cases which were seen during the 15 years period from January 1963 to December. 1977. 1. The incidence of the patients with urolithiasis was 1.85 % of total urological patients and 19.2 % of the inpatients. 2. The incidence of the patients with urolithiasis did not increase in spite of increasing annual incidence of inpatients. 3. They consisted of 266 patients with kidney stone (29 %) . 573 patients with ureter stone (61 %). 68 patients with bladder stone (7%) .and 26 patients with urethral stone (3%) The ratio of upper urinary tract stones to lower urinary tract stones was 9 to I. Among the 266 cases of the kidney stone, 21 cases were staghorn calculi. 4. The most favored predilection of ureter stones was lower 1/3 of ureter in 61% of these. 5. Seasonal variation of urolithiasis was not distinct, but the summer was the most favored season. 6. They were most commonly found between the ages of 20 to 50 (82 %). The causes were not found in all cases of childhood urolithiasis ( 8 cases) under the ages of 10. 7. The ratio of males to females was 2.7 to 1, however, the staghorn calculi were more commonly found in female. The ratio of males to females under age of 25 years was 1.8 to 1. 8. The upper urinary tract calculi occurred both in the right and left side with approximately equal frequency. 9. Multilocated stones were found in 10.7 % of all cases and bilateral stones were found in the 8.4% of the all cases. 10. The clinical symptoms of upper urinary tract calculi were flank pain in 85%, hematuria in 27.7 %, frequency in 17.8 %, nausea and vomiting in 10.4 %, and fever in 7.2%. The clinical symptoms of lower urinary tract calculi were painful urination in 78.7%, frequency in 48.8%, hematuria in 33%, and sudden stoppage in 33%. 11. The microscopic hematuria was found in 68.2% and pyuria in 47.7%. 12. Treatment consisted of surgical intervention in 70.3%, rnknown or expectant therpay in 14.4%, spontaneous expelling in 8.5%, and instrumental manipulation in 6.9%. 13. Definite histor of recurrent calculi was found in 27 cases (3.2%) and average duration of recurrence was 2.5 years.