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Gossypiboma is the foreign body granuloma that's due to retained surgical gauze after an operation. The reports of gossypiboma are not infrequent after thoracic, abdominal and pelvic operation, but they are rare after operation on the extremities. Some patients with gossypiboma may remain asymptomatic for several months or several years, but others experience complications such as abscess formation, chronically infectious fistulae formation, neighboring bone erosion and vessel occlusion and sepsis; physicians may suffer some serious legal problems if they are responsible for this condition. We experienced the gossypiboma that developed in the proximal thigh; a 60 year-old patient experienced pathologic fracture of the femoral neck due to this gossypiboma.