J Korean Soc Coloproctol.  2011 Feb;27(1):5-12. 10.3393/jksc.2011.27.1.5.

Surgical Treatment of Rectal Prolapse

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea. colon@schmc.ac.kr

Abstract

Rectal prolapse is defined as a protrusion of the rectum beyond the anus. Although rectal prolapse was recognized as early as 1500 BC, the optimal surgical procedure is still debated. The varied operative procedures available for treating rectal prolapsed can be confusing. The aim of treatment is to control the prolapse, restore continence, and prevent constipation or impaired evacuation. In elderly and high-risk patients, perineal approaches, such as Delorme's operation and Altemeier's operation, have been preferred, although the incidence of recurrence and the rate of persistent incontinence seem to be high when compared with transabdominal procedures. Abdominal operations involve dissection and fixation of the rectum and may include a rectosigmoid resection. From the late twentieth century, the laparoscopic procedure has been applied to the treatment of rectal prolapse. Current laparoscopic surgical techniques include suture rectopexy, stapled rectopexy, posterior mesh rectopexy with artificial material, and resection of the sigmoid colon with colorectal anastomosis with or without rectopexy. The choice of surgery depends on the status of the patient and the surgeon's preference.

Keyword

Rectal prolapse; Procidentia; Rectopexy; Laparoscopy

MeSH Terms

Aged
Anal Canal
Colon, Sigmoid
Constipation
Humans
Incidence
Laparoscopy
Prolapse
Rectal Prolapse
Rectum
Recurrence
Surgical Procedures, Operative
Sutures
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