J Korean Med Sci.  2012 Jun;27(6):653-660. 10.3346/jkms.2012.27.6.653.

Association of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels with Markers for Metabolic Syndrome in the Elderly: A Repeated Measure Analysis

• Park HY
• Lim YH
• Kim JH
• Bae S
• Oh SY
• Hong YC

• KMID: 1421618
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2012.27.6.653

Abstract

The purpose of current study was to investigate associations of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (OHVD) levels with markers for metabolic syndrome in elderly Koreans. We conducted a panel study on 301 individuals over 60 yr old in Seoul, Korea, and repeatedly measured serum OHVD, glucose, insulin, and lipid levels. Mixed effect model and generalized estimating equations were used to investigate relationships between serum OHVD levels with marker levels for metabolic syndrome and each of its categories. Of all subjects, 76.6% were vitamin D deficient (< 50 nM) and 16.9% were insufficient (< 75 nM). Inverse association was demonstrated between serum OHVD levels and insulin (P = 0.004), triglyceride (P = 0.023) and blood pressure (systolic blood pressure: P = 0.002; diastolic blood pressure: P < 0.001). Vitamin D deficiency was found to increase risk of 'hypertriglyceridemia' category of metabolic syndrome (odds ratio: 1.73, 95% confidence interval: 1.13-2.66). In conclusion, we found from our repeated measure analysis that decreasing serum OHVD levels are associated with increasing insulin resistance, increasing serum triglyceride levels and increasing blood pressure in elderly Koreans, and confirmed on the risk of 'hypertriglyceridemia' in vitamin D deficient subjects.

Keyword

Vitamin D; Insulin Resistance; Metabolic Syndrome; Elderly; Mixed Effect Model

MeSH Terms

Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Biological Markers/blood
Blood Pressure
Female
Humans
Hypertriglyceridemia/diagnosis/etiology
Insulin/blood
Insulin Resistance
Male
Metabolic Syndrome X/*diagnosis/etiology
Middle Aged
Odds Ratio
Risk Factors
Triglycerides/blood
Vitamin D/*analogs & derivatives/blood
Vitamin D Deficiency/complications
Biological Markers
Insulin
Triglycerides
Vitamin D

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Association between log-transformed OHVD levels and various outcome variables by generalized additive mixed models adjusted for age, sex, smoking, drinking, regular exercise, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, 7-day moving average for sunshine amount of Seongbuk-gu from the day each subject visited. BMI, body mass index; TG, triglyceride; HDL cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; log(25(OH)D), log-transformed 25-hydroxyvitamin D.

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