Yonsei Med J.  1989 Dec;30(4):315-326. 10.3349/ymj.1989.30.4.315.

Development of inhibitors of pyrimidine metabolism

• Cha S

• KMID: 1105559
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3349/ymj.1989.30.4.315

Abstract

Benzylacyclouridines were developed as specific and potent competitive inhibitors of uridine phosphorylase with Ki values in the nanomolar range. These compounds have no activity against thymidine phosphorylase, uridine kinase, thymidine kinase and orotate phosphoribosyltransferase. Benzylacyclouridines potentiate the chemotherapeutic effect of FdUrd. Coadministration of uridine phosphorylase inhibitor with FdUrd caused selective toxicity against tumors with low or no thymidine phosphorylase, but not against the host tissues which have thymidine phosphorylase, and thus retain the capacity to cleave FdUrd, and hence overcome its toxicity. There are distinct differences between uridine phosphorylase and thymidine phosphorylase. Benzylacyclouridines competitively inhibit the nucleoside transport of mammalian cells. The structure-activity relationship of inhibitors of uridine phosphorylase showed that a large hydrophobic pocket exists where C-5 of uracil binds, and that it is necessary to have the 3'-hydroxyl group and syn-configuration around the N-glycosidic bond for the nucleosides or their analogs to bind. Dihydrouracil dehydrogenase was found to be widely distributed among mammalian cells, where it was previously believed to be present only in the liver and the kidney. The structure-activity relationship of its inhibitors revealed benzyloxybenzyluracil and 2,6-pyridinediol as most potent. Also identified for orotate phosphoribosyltransferase was 2,4-pyridinediol.

Keyword

Uridine phosphorylase inhibitors; benzylacyclouridine; dihydrouracil dehydrogenase inhibitors; chemotherapy; FUra; FdUrd; benzyloxybenzyluracil; 2,6-pyridinediol; 2,4-pyridinediol

MeSH Terms

Human
Neoplasms/drug therapy
Pentosyltransferases/*antagonists and inhibitors
Pyrimidines/*metabolism
Structure-Activity Relationship
Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
Thymidine Phosphorylase/antagonists and inhibitors
Uracil/*analogs and derivatives/chemical synthesis/metabolism
Uridine Phosphorylase/*antagonists and inhibitors